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Chemistry > Atoms > Flashcards

Atoms Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the mass of a proton?

A

1

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2
Q

What is the charge of a proton?

A

+1

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3
Q

What is the mass of a neutron?

A

1

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4
Q

What is the charge of a neutron?

A

0

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5
Q

What is the mass of an electron?

A

Very small

1/2000

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6
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

-1

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7
Q

Where is the atomic number?

A

Top number
smaller number
No. protons or electrons

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8
Q

Where is the mass number?

A

bottom number of largest number

Protons + neutrons

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9
Q

Formula for Carbon Dioxide?

A

CO2

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10
Q

Formula for a Water

A

H20

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11
Q

Formula for oxygen gas

A

O2

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12
Q

Formula for hydrogen gas

A

H2

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13
Q

Formula for Nitrogen gas

A

N2

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14
Q

Formula for ammonia

A

NH3

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15
Q

Formula for hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

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16
Q

Formula for sulphuric acid

A

H2SO4

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17
Q

What is an ion?

A

A particle that is electrically charged when an atom loses or gains an electron to form a full outer shell

18
Q

What are metals made up of?

A

Positive atoms in a sea of delocalised electrons

19
Q

Why can metals conduct electricity and heat?

A

There is delocalised electrons

20
Q

What are alloys made up of?

A

Positive ions, delocalised electrons.

However, a metal or non metal has been added

21
Q

Properties of pure metals

A

Layers which can slide

So they’re soft

22
Q

Properties of alloy

A

Distorted layers which can’t slide

Means they’re hard

23
Q

What is the reactivity series?

A 
Potassium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Hydrogen
Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinum
24
Q

What elements are separated using electrolysis?

A 
Potassium
Lithium 
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
25
Q

What elected are separated using Reduction?

A

Zinc and Iron

26
Q

What atoms are found in the form of metal oxides?

A

Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinum

27
Q

What happens when the metal is more reactive than hydrogen in electrolysis?

A

You’ll get hydrogen as the gas

28
Q

What happens if the metal is less reactive than hydrogen in electrolysis?

A

Won’t get hydrogen

29
Q

Explain displacement reactions

A

When metal1 is more reactive than the metal2 in the compound, then metal 1 displaces metal 2 and becomes a compound

30
Q

What does OILRIG mean?

A 
Oxidation
Is
Loss of electrons 
Reduction 
Is 
Gain of electrodes
31
Q

Is the cathode positive or negative?

A

Negative

32
Q

Name the positive electrode?

A

Anode

33
Q

Half equations for electrolysis

A

Cu2+ + 2e- -> Cu. Reduction at cathode

2F- - 2e- -> F2 Oxidation at anode

34
Q

What is nanotechnology?

A

Taking atoms and rearranging them into specific locations or sizes so we can use it

Very small
Increase surface areas

35
Q

What are nano particles?

A

Refers to structures that are 1-100nm in size, of the order of a few hundred atoms. 1x10 to the power of -9nm

36
Q

What are fine particles?

A

PM 2.5

Diameters between 1-100nm and 2500nm (1x10 -7 and 2.5 x 10-6)

37
Q

What are coarse particles?

A

PM 10
Diameters between 2500nm and 10000nm (2.5x10 -6 and 1x10 -5)

Dust

38
Q

What does surface area to volume mean for nanoparticles?

A

Gives them different properties and means that they can be used in smaller quantities

As side of cube decreases by factor of 10, surface area increases to volume ratio increases by factor of 10

39
Q

Uses of nanoparticles

A

Medicines, electronics, cosmetics and sun creams, as deodorants and catalysts. Important area for scientific research.

40
Q

Possible risks of nanoparticles

A

Small size so can be breathed in, or pass into cells.

Toxic substances could bind to them because of large surface area to volume ratio.

Chemistry (10 decks)

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