Atoms Flashcards
What is a proton?
Particle that has a positive charge
What is the nucleus?
Center of an atom. Made up of protons and neutrons held together my invisible forces
Neutron?
Particle that has a neutral charge
Electrons?
Particals that surrounds the nucleus. Has a negative charge
Orbital?
Place around that atom where electrons that can be found
Valence Electrons?
Found at outermost shell. Determines the atoms chemical properties.
What is the periodic law?
States that the physical and chemical properties are affected by the amount of electrons protons and neutrons
Period?
Left to right on the periodic table
Father left you go the more protons an element has
Group?
Up and down on the periodic table
Metal?
Makes up most of periodic table
Non metal?
Most of right side.
Mostly noble gases and halogens
Semiconductor?
Have characteristics of non metals and metals
Alkali metal?
First group are alkali metals except hydrogen
Alkaline earth metals?
Second group.
Transition metals?
Group 3 to 12
Halogen?
Group 17
Nobel gas?
Group 18
Not reactive
What is an ion?
Atom that has lost or gained an Electron
Atomic number?
Number of protons and electrons
Atomic mass number?
It’s average atomic mass
Isotope?
Atom that has same amount of protons but different amount of neutrons
Atomic mass unit?
Unit of mass that describes atom or molecule
Average atomic mass?
Average mass of natural isotopes
What is a mole?
Si unit for counting atoms and partials
Avogadro’s Constant?
Number of particals in one mole
Equals 6.022x10^23
What is molar mass?
The mass in grams of one mole
Conversion factor?
Used to convert moles to grams and the other way around
