Atomic Structure Scientists (Test 2)

Question 1

J.J. Thomson

Answer 1

Plum Pudding Model

Negative particles (electrons) are embedded in positive “goo”

Proves Dalton wrong
Cathode Ray Tube

Question 1

John Dalton

Answer 1

Billiard Ball Model
Atom is a tiny, invisible sphere

Question 2

Cathode Ray Tube

Answer 2

Cathode Ray is shot at phosphorescent paint.
Path A: beam is made of negative particles
Path B: the beam is not matter
Path C: the beam is made of positive particles

Question 3

Law of Multiple Proportions

Answer 3

Discovered by John Dalton
Matter will always combine in ratios of small whole numbers.

Question 4

Milikan

Answer 4

Calculated the charge on the electron

Oil drop experiment

An oil sprayer shoots oil particles into a sphere to create an electric field in order to find the charge of an electron.

Question 5

Rutherford

Answer 5

Gold Foil Experiment

Discovered the nucleus, a small, dense area of positive charge

Shot alpha particles at gold foil and the ones that deflected are the ones that hit the nucleus

The atom is mostly empty space

Question 6

Bohr

Answer 6

Planetary Model

Electrons orbit around the nucleus at different levels of energy.

When an electron absorbs energy, it goes to a higher orbit. When it loses energy it falls to a lower orbit

Question 7

Proton

Answer 7

Charge: +1
Mass: 1

Question 8

Neutron

Answer 8

Charge: 0
Mass: 1

Question 9

Electron

Answer 9

Charge: -1
Mass: 0

Question 10

Quantum

Answer 10

Electron Cloud Model

Electrons don’t have a set path
Electrons organized by energy into regions - orbitals

Impossible to know the exact location of an electron, so orbitals are a general area.

Question 11

Atomism

Answer 11

Democritus, ancient greek philosopher, was the first to call atoms atoms, which means indivisible

Idea was ignored, for centuries the four elements was accepted idea

Prost figured out that any given compound will always have the same ratio of elements.