Properties of Solids Flashcards
What does IMF stand for in chemistry?
Intermolecular Forces
True or False: Intermolecular forces are stronger than covalent bonds.
False
Name the three main types of intermolecular forces.
Dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, and London dispersion forces
Fill in the blank: The type of solid characterized by a regular repeating pattern of atoms is called a __________ solid.
crystalline
What type of solid is formed by metal atoms sharing a ‘sea’ of electrons?
Metallic solid
Which type of intermolecular force is the strongest?
Hydrogen bonding
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a molecular compound? A) NaCl B) H2O C) Fe D) MgO
B) H2O
True or False: London dispersion forces are present in all molecules.
True
What property of solids is primarily determined by the strength of intermolecular forces?
Melting point
Fill in the blank: Ionic solids are made up of __________ and __________.
cations; anions
What type of solid would have high electrical conductivity when melted?
Ionic solid
Multiple Choice: Which type of solid typically has a low melting point? A) Ionic B) Metallic C) Molecular D) Covalent network
C) Molecular
Short Answer: Describe hydrogen bonding.
A strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs between molecules where hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like N, O, or F.
What is the primary characteristic of a covalent network solid?
Atoms are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network.
True or False: Molecular compounds are usually soluble in water.
False
What type of intermolecular force is responsible for the unique properties of water?
Hydrogen bonding
Fill in the blank: The weakest type of intermolecular force is __________.
London dispersion forces
Multiple Choice: Which solid is typically brittle? A) Metallic B) Ionic C) Molecular D) All of the above
B) Ionic
Short Answer: Give an example of a covalent network solid.
Diamond or silicon carbide
What is the main difference between molecular compounds and ionic compounds?
Molecular compounds consist of molecules formed by covalent bonds, while ionic compounds consist of ions held together by ionic bonds.
True or False: Dipole-dipole interactions occur between nonpolar molecules.
False
What is the effect of increasing intermolecular forces on the boiling point of a substance?
The boiling point increases.
Fill in the blank: A solid that does not have a definite geometric shape and is made of randomly arranged particles is called a __________ solid.
amorphous
Multiple Choice: Which of the following has the highest melting point? A) Ice B) Diamond C) Sodium chloride D) Iron
B) Diamond
Short Answer: Define a molecular compound.
A compound formed from two or more nonmetals that share electrons through covalent bonds.
