Methods of Separation

Question 1

Filtration

Answer 1

Separates substances based on particle size.
Traps large particles but allows smaller particles to pass through.
Often used to separate solids from liquids.

Question 2

Settling/Centrifuge

Answer 2

Separates based on density
It spins the mixture at
high speed to create a force that pulls the denser material to the bottom.

Question 3

Chromatography

Answer 3

A drop of the mixture is placed on one end of a strip of
paper or other absorbent substance. The end of the paper is dipped into a liquid,
which gradually seeps from one end of the paper to the other. As it passes
through the drop of the mixture, it carries the substances along. Some
substances are carried along slower than others because 1.) They don’t dissolve
well in the liquid, or 2.) They stick more to the paper.

Question 4

Distillation

Answer 4

Distillation separates substances based on
boiling point; if two
substances have different boiling points, one substance will boil and leave the
other behind. The substance with the lower boiling point boils off first, and then
it is cooled, condensed, and collected.
The mixture is
brought to a boil in
this vessel.
The first liquid to boil away
cools and condenses in this
tube…
…and then drips into
a collection vessel.