Atomic structure & Ions Flashcards
What is an atom made up of?
A nucleus containing protons and neutrons with shells containing electrons revolving around it
What is the atomic number and where is it located?
The number of protons. And atoms have the same number of
Protons as they have electrons. It is the bottom number.
What is the mass number and where is it located?
The total number of protons added to the total number of neutrons and it is the top number.
How do we find the number of neutrons?
The mass number minus the atomic number.
How do we find the mass number?
The atomic number (protons/electrons) + the number of neutrons.
What is an easy way to remember the positioning of the atomic and mass numbers?
A to Z like the alphabet except the names are switched. A is first/above and Z is last/below.
A is the mass number and Z is the atomic number.
What is electronic configuration?
The arrangement of electrons in an atom
What are the rules for the shell number?
The first shell number can only have 2 electrons, the second and third can hold 8 and the fourth holds the rest.
What are atoms?
Atoms are neutral particles, they have the same number of protons and electrons.
What are ions?
Ions are charged particles formed by an atom losing or gaining electrons. The number of protons do not change.
What are positively charged ions called and what are they?
If an ion has more protons than electrons they are positively charged and called cations.
What are negatively charged ions called and what are they?
If an ion has more electrons than protons they are called anions.
In a metal atom when is a positively charged ion formed?
By losing electrons
In a non metal, when is a negatively charged ion formed?
By gaining electrons.
In a metal atom when is a negatively charged ion formed?
By gaining electrons
