Atomic Structure - Electron Shells And Orbitals

Question 1

What do we know about electron shells?

3

Answer 1

Electrons orbit the central nucleus

They orbit in shells

The first 4 shells can hold different numbers of electrons

Question 2

How many electrons can each shell hold?

Answer 2

2n*2

Question 3

How many electrons are in the 1st shell?

Answer 3

2

Question 4

How many electrons are in the 2nd shell?

Answer 4

8

Question 5

How many electrons are in the 3rd shell?

Answer 5

18

Question 6

How many electrons are in the 4th shell?

Answer 6

32

Question 7

How do you work out the shells for:

1st shell
2nd shell
3rd shell
4th shell

Answer 7

1 = 2(1)*2

2 = 2(2)*2

3 = 2(3)*2

4 = 2(4)*2

Question 8

2n*2 electrons per shell

What does n represent?

Answer 8

Principal quantum number

Question 9

Do electrons orbit the nucleus?

Answer 9

Don’t exactly orbit nucleus

Question 10

If electrons did orbit the nucleus what would we be able to do?

Answer 10

Plot the path of their movement

Calculate where an electron is at one instant and where it is an instant later

Question 11

What does the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle state?

Answer 11

It is impossible to certainly say where an electron is and where it will be going

Question 12

What are electron shells made up of?

Answer 12

Atomic orbitals

Question 13

What are orbitals?

Answer 13

A region in space where electrons MAY be found

Question 14

How many orbitals is each shell composed of?

Answer 14

1 or more orbitals

Question 15

How many pairs of electrons can an orbital hold?

Answer 15

1 pair of electrons

Question 16

What are the 4 types of orbitals?

Answer 16

s - Sharp

p - Principal

d - Diffuse

f - Fundamental

Question 17

What do the orbital names refer to?

Answer 17

The lines produced on spectra by these orbitals

Question 18

What shape are s orbitals?

Answer 18

Spherical shape

Question 19

s orbitals

How many orbitals does each shell from n=1 upwards contain?

Answer 19

Every shell contains 1 s orbital

Question 20

What shape are p orbitals?

Answer 20

3D dumbbell shape

Question 21

What are the 3 p orbitals?

Answer 21

Px

Py

Pz

(Depends on the axis it’s on)

Question 22

p orbitals

How many orbitals does each shell from n=2 upwards contain?

Answer 22

3p orbitals

One on each of the x, y, z

Question 23

How many electrons can each p orbital hold?

Answer 23

2 electrons

3 x 2 = 6 electrons in total

Question 24

d orbitals

How many orbitals does each shell from n=3 upwards contain?

Answer 24

5 d orbitals

5 x 2 = 10 electrons in total

Question 25

Which orbitals can be found in n=1?

Answer 25

s orbitals

Question 26

Which orbitals can be found in n=2?

Answer 26

s orbitals

p orbitals

Question 27

Which orbitals can be found in n=3?

Answer 27

s orbitals

p orbitals

d orbitals

Question 28

How many electrons are in n=1?

Answer 28

2

Question 29

How many electrons are in n=2?

Answer 29

8

s orbital = 2
p orbital = 6 (2x3)

Question 30

How many electrons are in n=3?

Answer 30

18

s orbital = 2
p orbital = 6 (2x3)
d orbital = 10 (2x5)

Question 31

What are sub shells?

Answer 31

Orbitals that are of the same energy level are grouped together

Question 32

What is each sub-shell composed of?

Answer 32

Only one type of atomic orbital

Question 33

n=1
Orbital - s
Electrons - 2

What is the sub-shell?

Answer 33

1s

Question 34

n=2
Orbitals - s p p p
Electrons - 2 2 2 2

What are the sub-shells?

Answer 34

2s

2p

Question 35

n=3
Orbitals - s p p p d d d d d
Electrons - 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

What are the sub-shells?

Answer 35

3s

3p

3d