Atomic Structure - Electron Configuration (NEEDS WRITTEN) Flashcards
What is used to represent atomic orbitals?
Boxes
How many boxes represent s orbitals?
1
🔲
How many boxes represent p orbitals?
3
🔲🔲🔲
How many boxes represent d orbitals?
5
🔲🔲🔲🔲🔲
How many electrons does each orbital contain?
Up to 2 electrons
What charge do electrons carry?
A negative charge
What do the 2 negative electron changes do to each other?
Repel each other
What intrinsic property do electrons have?
Spin
What direction can the spin of an electron be?
Up or down
What must the spin of 2 electrons in the same orbital be?
Why?
Must be opposite
To minimise the repulsion
What is the order of orbital energy levels from low to high?
S
P
D
F
What does the energy level mean in relation to how close it is to the nucleus?
The lower the energy level, the closer it is to the nucleus
What are shells and sub-shells of electrons filled according to?
A set of rules - Aufbau Principles
What are the rules of Aufbau Principles?
2
Electrons are added one by one
The lowest available energy level is filled first
Aufbau Principles
Explain in more detail: (how does it happen?)
Electrons are added one by one
(2)
Initially, each orbital within a sub shell is filled with a single electron
Then electrons are paired
Aufbau Principles
Explain in more detail: (how does it happen?)
The lowest available energy level is filled first
(2)
Once a level is full, the next higher level be filled
4s orbital is at a lower energy level than 3d
so 4s orbital fills first
What is ‘last in, first out’ ?
Electrons in the highest energy level are the first to be lost
What is electron configuration?
The arrangement of electrons in an atom or ion
How can we represent the electronic configuration?
Half arrows in different directions in the boxes
Specific notation
What is the specific notation for electron configuration?
nx*y
specific notation
nx*y
What does n represent?
Shell number
specific notation
nx*y
What does x represent?
Type of orbit
specific notation
nx*y
What does y represent?
Number of electrons in the orbitals of the
sub-shell
What would the specific notation be for the 1s orbital with 2 electrons?
1s*2
Electron configuration atom - Lithium (1)
How many electrons does it have?
3
Electron configuration atom - Lithium (2)
How many shells (rings) does it have?
2
Electron configuration atom - Lithium (3)
How many electrons in:
1s
2s
1s = 2 (double half arrows)
2s = 1 (one half arrow)
Electron configuration atom - Lithium (4)
What is lithium’s electron configuration?
1s2 2s1
Electron configuration atom - boron
What is its electron configuration?
5 electrons
1s2 2s2 2p*1
What is the order of orbital energy levels from low to high?
More detailed (10)
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 4d 4f
