Atomic Structure Flashcards
1
Q
properties of electrons
A
- move around the nucleus in energy levels called shells
- negatively charged
- tiny but cover lots of space
- size of their orbit depends on the size of the atom
- virtually no mass
2
Q
properties of nucleus
A
- in the middle of the atom
- contains protons + neutrons
- has a positive charge because of protons
- almost the whole mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus
- tiny compared to the rest of the atom
3
Q
relative mass and relative charge : proton
A
1, +1
4
Q
relative mass and charge of neutron
A
1, 0
5
Q
relative mass and charge of electron
A
~0 , -1
6
Q
what does the nucleon number tell us?
A
total of protons + neutrons
7
Q
what does the proton number tell us?
A
total number of protons
8
Q
what happens when some electrons are added to or removed from the atom?
A
the atom becomes charged and is now an ion
9
Q
explain the meaning of the term isotope
A
isotopes are different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
10
Q
what do two isotopes of each other have in common?
A
- have similar or identical chemical properties as they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell
11
Q
in what way are two isotopes of the same element different?
A
- have different physical properties as they have different masses
