Atomic Structure Flashcards
Electron
A negatively charged component of an atom. Electrons surround an atom’s nucleus. They have a mass of 1/1836 of a proton.
Positive ion (cation)
A metal atom that has lost electrons and is positive.
Ionic bond
The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions
Atom
A particle that is too small to see, all matter is made of atoms. Atoms are neutral. They have equal numbers of protons and electrons.
Nucleus
The centre of an atom. Composed of neutrons and protons and possess most of the mass of an atom
Electron configuration
Numbers are separated by commas that state the number of electrons in each shell of an atom or ion starting with the inner shell.
Neutron
A subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom, mass of 1 and no charge.
Ion
Atoms or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge caused by the loss or gain of electrons
Molecule
An electrically neutral particles made of two or more non-metal atoms (same or different) bonded together
Negative ion (anion)
A non-metal atom that has gained electrons. Negative
Atomic mass
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Element
Pure substance made of only one typ of atom
Valence electron
Outer energy level electrons
Atomic number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It determines the chemical properties of an element and its place on the periodic table
Isotope
Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons (still neutral)
