Atomic Structure

Question 1

What is the structure of a atom?

Answer 1

It is composed of small, dense positively charged nucleus at the centre composed of protons and neutrons with negatively charged electrons in shells

Question 2

What is the relative mass and relative charge of a proton neutron and a electron?

Answer 2

Proton - 1 +1
Neutron - 1 0
Electron - 1/1840 -1

Question 3

Atomic number meaning?

Answer 3

This is the number of protons and electrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 4

Mass number meaning

Answer 4

This is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 5

Why does a atom as a whole have no electrical charge?

Answer 5

The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons

Question 6

Atoms with electric charges -
Those with positive charges -
Those with negative charges -

Answer 6

Ions
Cations
Anions

Question 7

Give sodium all full shells
2,8,1

Answer 7

Loses 1 electron
[2,8]+

Question 8

Give chlorine full shells
2,8,7

Answer 8

Gains 1 electron
[2,8,8]-

Question 9

What is an atoms radius?

Answer 9

About 0.1nm (1 x 10 -10m)

Question 10

How much is the nucleus of the atoms radius?

Answer 10

Less than 1/10,000 (less than 1x10-14m)

Question 11

What is a isotope?

Answer 11

They are atoms which have the same number of protons but they have a different number of neutrons (so they have a different mass number)

Question 12

How to calculate RAM?

Answer 12

(Mass number 1 x abundance) + ( mass number 2 x abundance) divided by the total abundance

Question 13

What is a compound?

Answer 13

Two or more elements chemically combined

Question 14

Who made the plum pudding model?

Answer 14

J.J. Thomson (1897)

Question 15

What did the plum pudding model state?

Answer 15

That the negative electrons were embedded in a positive sphere (like the raisins in a plum pudding)

Question 16

Who discovered the neutron?

Answer 16

James Chadwick in 1932

Question 17

What is the difference between the plum pudding model and a modern model of a atom?

Answer 17

Plum pudding- electrons through a ‘positive’ sphere and atoms solid throughout
Modern model- electrons in shell with positive nucleus and space between shell is a vacuum

Question 18

Who discovered the electron?

Answer 18

J.J. Thomson

Question 19

What did Dalton state in his theory in the early 1800s?

Answer 19

1. All elements are made up of small invisible particles called atoms.
2. Atoms cannot be created or destroyed
3. Atoms of different elements have different properties
4. When atoms combine they form molecules or compounds