Atomic Structure Flashcards
what is the relative mass of a proton?
1
what is the relative electronic charge of a proton?
+1
what is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
what is the relative electronic charge of a neutron?
0
what is the relative mass of an electron?
1/1836 approximately 0
what is the relative electronic charge of an electron?
-1
what is the maximum amount of electrons the first shell can hold?
2
what is the maximum amount of electrons the second shell can hold?
8
what is the maximum amount of electrons the third shell can hold?
8
what is the proton number?
- is equal to the electron number
- is also called the atomic number
what is the neucleon number?
- is the total number of protons and neutrons
- is also called the mass number or atomic mass
how to find the number of neutrons from the neucleon number?
neucleon number - number of protons = number of neutrons
what are ions?
an ion is formed when an atom loses or gains one or more electrons
what is the charge when electrons are lost?
positively charged
what is the charge when electrons are gained?
negatively charged
what are positively charged ions called?
cations
what are negatively charged ions called?
anions
what are isotopes?
atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
what is the difference between a isotopes and it’s atom?
- isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties and form compounds with the same chemical formulae
- however, there are some small differences in physical properties
