ATI Rationales - Cardiac Flashcards
What type of pain can be expected with an abdominal aortic aneurysm that is extending.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm involves a widening, stretching, or ballooning of the aorta. Back and abdominal pain indicate that the aneurysm is extending downward and pressing on lumbar spinal nerve roots causing pain.
What will happen to BP if abdominal aortic aneurysm is extending?
Decrease
What should the nurse look for in a client who had an MI 24 hours ago?
Ventricular Dysrhythmias
After an MI what can cause arrhythmias?
Irritable electric system
Ischemic tissue
What is pericarditis usually the result of?
Trauma
Blunt chest trauma can lead to damage in which of the four chambers of the heart and why?
The right ventricle lies directly behind the sternum. In a blunt injury, the impact of the right ventricle against the sternum will cause the greatest area of damage.
What is the purpose of a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
Dilation.
A PTCA dilates an obstructed coronary artery. A catheter with an inflatable balloon tip is inserted into the obstructed coronary artery. The balloon is inflated, compressing atherosclerotic plaque against the coronary artery wall, resulting in dilation of the artery.
Clients who have frequent blood transfusions are at a risk for:
Iron Toxicity
Which value should the nurse analyze to evaluate a client’s response to a transfusion of fresh frozen platelets?
PTT
FFP is plasma rich in clotting factors. It is given to treat acute clotting disorders, and the desired effect is a decrease in the prothrombin time.
A nurse is caring for a client admitted with a suspected dissecting aortic aneurysm. The nurse should monitor the client for what ?
Back pain
is a cardinal sign that will cause the nurse to suspect a dissecting aortic aneurysm. Other key manifestations of a dissecting aortic aneurysm include hypotension and tachycardia.
Treatment for pernicious anemia
Monthly B-12 shots
Itching and hives during a blood transfusion what do you do?
Stop infusion
These are manifestations of an allergic reaction to the transfusion, and this is the proper first response to symptoms of any type of blood reaction. If a client shows manifestations of an allergic response (to blood or a medication), the exposure must be stopped immediately.
Impaired venous circulation in the legs would look like:
Areas of reddish, brown pigmentation
Pitting edema in lower legs is evidence of
This is a symptom of congestive heart failure due to coronary artery disease.
Client with arteriosclerosis obliterans would have legs that looked like:
-Thin, shiny skin with minimal body hair
Arteriosclerosis obliterans is a disease of the blood vessels characterized by narrowing of the arteries in the legs and feet. This causes a decrease in blood flow to the distal extremities which can lead to tissue damage. Common symptoms are intermittent claudication (leg pain with exercise), cold or numb feet at rest, loss of hair on the lower legs, and weakened pulses.
Client with pericarditis would have what kind of breathing and resp rate?
When pericarditis is present, the client will experience dyspnea and tachypnea. Chest pain with pericarditis will increase with deep inspiration due to increased pressure on the inflamed pericardial sac. This will make the client reluctant to take deep breaths resulting in dyspnea and tachypnea.
How would a low-potassium level appear on the EKG
A flattened T wave or the development of U waves
arrhythmias occurring with toxic digitalis levels.
Bradycardia, ventricular bigeminy, or ventricular tachycardia
The EKG pattern anticipated with a low hemoglobin
tachycardia.
Transient abnormal PMI (point of maximal impulse) could occur during:
acute angina attack
Pulsus paradoxus is an abnormal decrease in systolic blood pressure during inspiration and is seen in (3)
cardiac tamponade, pericarditis, and advanced heart failure.
A client who had a recent myocardial infarction is at risk for what condition?
for congestive heart failure (CHF).
What must be verified before giving blood?
Expiration date and time:
the nurse is responsible for ensuring the client receives the correct unit of blood by checking the identity of the blood product, the client, and the compatibility (blood type and Rh factor) of the blood and the client.
An atrial rate of 300, with 80 QRS complex per min is what?
Atrial - flutter
