Athletic Injuries Flashcards
Give 3 reasons for the occurrence of injury in sport
- Competition
- High Speed/Confined Area
- Physical contact
- Illegal contact
- Psychological factors
Name the middle three sections of the Stress and Injury Model
Perception of threat (of situation)
Stress Response
Attention or Distraction
Name the top three sections of the Stress and Injury Model
Personality
History of Stressors
Coping Resources
What can be used to intervene in the Stress and Injury Model
PST’s
What are 3 direct mechanisms of the stress and injury relationship
Increased muscle tension
Attentional Disruption
Narrowing of peripheral vision
What are the 5 stages of the grief model (in order)
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance
Explain the categories of Responses Theory (recovery from injury)
- Injury- relevant information processing
- Emotional upheaval and reactive behaviour
- Positive outlook and coping
What are some psychological responses to injury
Identity loss
Fear, anxiety, depression
Lack of confidence
Performance decrements
Give 4 signs of poor adjustment to injury
Anger or confusion Obsession of when they can return to play • Denial • Coming back too soon • Exaggerating accomplishments • Dwelling on minor physical complaints • Withdrawal • Mood swings • Loss of hope
What are the three phases in the phases of injury model
Injury
Rehabilitation
Return to Action
Describe the injury phase in the phases of injury model
Help the athlete deal with the emotional upheaval that accompanies the onset of injury
Describe the rehabilitation phase in the phases of injury model
Help athletes to sustain motivation and adherence to the rehab programme
Describe the return to action phase in the phases of injury model
Full recovery is not complete until the athlete can return to normal functioning
Give 3 positive sides of injury
Personal growth
Psychological based performance enhancement
Physical and technical development
Improve additional skills
Give 2 key PST skills to use in Rehab phase of injury recovery
Imagery
Self Talk
Relaxation Goal Setting
Compliance to injury rehab depends on what?
Personal and situational factors
Describe the theory of planned behaviour
Attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control lead to intentions which then lead to a behaviour
Define an intention
A concious plan to go and do something
Define an attitude
Evaluation of the behaviour, either good or bad
What are the three ways we can change attitudes
Communication
Education
Modelling
Describe self-determination theory
They experience freedom and do what’s important to them.
Describe intrinsic motivation
Doing something for its own sake
Enjoyable
Autonomy
Describe extrinsic motivation
External reward
Compliance
Behaviour stops if reward is removed
What 3 needs to we have to be motivated
Autonomy
Competence
Relatedness
What are the 6 positions in the self-determination continuum
Amotivation External regulation Introjected regulation Identified regulation Integrated regulation Intrinsic motivation
Describe amotivation
Athletes don’t care/don’t want to do a behaviour. Believe ability is low and lots of effort is required. Sense of helplessness. Don’t value rehab.
Describe external regulation
Reward and Punishment
Compliance with others
If they must, they will
Describe introjected regulation
Internal rewards and punishment
Avoid negative feelings e.g. guilt
Approval from others
Describe identified regulation
Personal importance/valued outcome
Describe integrated regulation
Synthesis with self
Doing a behaviour because they identify with it e.g. run as runner
Describe intrinsic motivation
Sense of accomplishment, enjoyment and satisfaction. Interest in performing the behaviours.
Describe social cognitive theory
Self efficacy leads to: outcome expectations goals/intentions socio-cultural factors which cause behaviour
What are the 3 types of outcome expectations (from social cognitive theory)
physical outcomes
social outcomes
self-evaluative outcomes
Describe self-efficacy
Situation specific self-confidence to perform a specific task / overcome specific barriers.
Give 3 antecedents of self-efficacy
Mastery experience
Vicarious experience
Verbal persuasion
Emotional arousal
What do ‘at risk’ athletes have in common (injury)
high trait anxiety
high life stress
low coping skills
low social support
How to help an ‘at risk’ athlete who is injured
build a rapport
educate them about the recovery process
Teach specific psychological coping skills
foster social support
