Asthma & COPD Flashcards
4 main sx of asthma?
- SOB
- wheezing
- coughing
- chest tightness
When is asthma worse?
at night, early morning
What causes narrowing of airway tubes in asthma?
- contraction of muscles in walls of airway tube
- swelling of inner lining of airway tube
- blockage of airway tube by mucous
Difference between asthma & COPD?
- cough
- FEV1
- triggers
- expiratory airflow
- cough: nonproductive for asthma (worse at night & early morning), productive for COPD (throughout the day)
- FEV1: reversible for asthma, irreversible for COPD
- triggers: env triggers/infx/exercise for asthma, smoking / irritant exposure for COPD
- expiratory airflow: variable for asthma, persistent for COPD
What is FEV1 and FVC?
FEV1 (forced expiratory vol in 1s): vol of air exhaled forcefully in the first second of maximal expiration
FVC (forced vital capacity): max vol of air exhaled after full inspiration
What is the FEV1/FVC for asthma & COPD? What is normal?
< 70% for both (obstructive disease)
Normal: 75-80%
How does the FEV1 and FVC improve in asthma after SABA?
FEV1 increases by ≥12%
FVC >200mL
What meds can possibly trigger asthma?
- non selective BB
- COX inhibitors (NSAID, aspirin)
Examples of SAMA?
- ipratropium
Example of SABA?
- salbuterol
Examples of LAMA?
- tiotropium
- umeclidinium
- glycopyrronium
Examples of LABA?
- formoterol
- salmeterol
- vilanterol
- olodaterol
- indacaterol
(-terol)
Examples of ICS (asthma/COPD)?
- budesonide
- fluticasone
Minimum age to use turbuhaler? What strength is 1st line SMART?
12 years old
160/4.5 (b/f)
What are the two main characteristics of COPD?
- chronic bronchitis: persistent cough + sputum production for most days of 3m in at least 2 consecutive years
- emphysema: abnormal permanent enlargement of airspaces, destruction of walls
