Asthma Flashcards
Asthma is associated with these symptoms…
- airway hyperresponsiveness
- airflow limitation/obstruction
- reversible
What triggers asthma?
external stimuli/antigen
Main cells of inflammation?
- eosinophil
- Th2
antihistamines block which pathway?
mast cell production, not Th2
which cells are released during an asthma attach, and in which order?
1) histamine
2) leukorienes
3) interluekins
4) IgE
Extrinsic asthma
vs
Intrinsic asthma
aka eosinophlic/allergic asthma, atopy shown (hyperallergic rxn,IgE)
aka non allergic, no identifyable stimuli
Asthma predicative index
- identify high risk children age 2-3 w/greater than or equal to 4 wheezing episodes in past year PLUS
- one major criterion consisiting of parent w/asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergen sensitivty OR
- two minor criterion consisting of food sensitivity, peripheral eosinophilia, wheezing not related to infection
bilateral nasal polyps are due to ( ) and called
aspirin sensitivity, samters triad
How to accurately diagnose asthma?
- PFT w/bronchodilator
- 12% and 200 cc change in FEV1
- obstructive physio shown on PFT (FEV1 reduced more than FVC)
If PFT are normal, you would next perform…
methacholine test to see if FEV decrease at least 20%
3 Cs of sputum in asthma
Creola Bodies
Charcot-Leyden crystals
Curschmann’s spirals
easiest way to monitor asthma?
peak flow meter
80-100 is green/normal
50-80 is yellow
less 50 red
Mild intermittent vs
Mild persistent
-less than 2 days/week, less than 2 nights/month, PEF variability less than 20%
> 2 times/week but < 1/day, > 2 nights/month, PEF variability 0-30%
pts with sever asthma should receive this med
omalizumab (anti-IgE), careful for anaphylaxis
treatment for intermittent asthma
as needed inhaler (SABA)