Asthma

Question 1

Definition of Asthma

Answer 1

A Chronic inflammatory disorder characterised by reversible airflow

Question 2

6 Signs and Symptoms of Asthma

Answer 2

• Cough
• Chest tightness
• Bronchoconstriction
• Wheeze
• SOB (Dyspnea)
• Tachycardia

Question 3

If the cause is ‘Extrinsic’, What does that mean?

Answer 3

It was caused by allergens

Question 4

Examples of Allergens that can cause Asthma

Answer 4

• Dust mites
• Pets
• Fungi
• Bacteria

Question 5

If the cause is ‘Intrinsic’ what does that mean?

Answer 5

Non allergy

e.g. mixed or exercise induced.

Question 6

4 examples of intrinsic causes?

Answer 6

• Temperature change
• Stress
• Seasonal
• Tobacco

Question 7

Name 4 diagnostic tools

Answer 7

• Spirometry
• Peak Flow
• CXR
• Sputum Sample

Question 8

Why would you do a CXR for someone with asthma

Answer 8

To check if the lungs are over inflated

Question 9

Correct way to perform a peak flow

Answer 9

• Stand/Sit up straight
• Ensure the marker is on 0
• Take a deep breath in. While doing this seal your lips over the peak flow
• Blow as hard, and fast as you can
  = Result.

Question 10

What is bronchoconstriction?

Answer 10

When smooth muscle constricts, as a reaction to the irritant/allergen

Question 11

What immunoglobbin is elevated in Asthma?

Answer 11

IgE - Antibody produced by allergens.

Question 12

Pathophys when Inflammation occurs.

Answer 12

Mucous layer thickens due to reaction of inflammation.

Question 13

Cause of a Wheeze

Answer 13

The Airway is partially blocked

Question 14

Cause of Crackles

Answer 14

Usually fluid in the alveoli. More likely to occur with Pneumonia.

Question 15

Example of a SABA

Answer 15

Salbutamol or Terbutaline

Question 16

What does SABA stand for

Answer 16

Short Acting Beta2 Agonist

Question 17

Role of Salbutamol

Answer 17

Bronchodilator - Allows smooth muscle to relax

Question 18

Example of a Corticosteroid

Answer 18

Fluticason (Flixatide) or Busonide

Question 19

When is flixatide used in asthma, and what is its role?

Answer 19

Daily as a preventer. It prevents and reduces inflammation

Question 20

3 reasons to use a spacer with Inhalers

Answer 20

• Prevents oral thrush
• 50% more medicine gets into the lungs
• Prevents sore throat

Question 21

Correct way to use an inhaler

Answer 21

Shake the inhaler
Tilt head back slightly
Spray and take a deep breath in
Hold your breath for 10 seconds
Breathe out gently through the nose