Assumptions of the Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards
What are the 3 assumptions?
Inflaunce of childhood experiances
The unconscious mind
Tripartite personality
Who came up with the assumptions?
Freud
What does each psychosexual stage represent?
A fixation of the libido
What is an over-indulgence of a psychosexual stage?
Where the needs are over-met
What is a frustration of a psychosexual stage?
When the needs are not met
How does a fixation on a psychosexual stage develop?
Over-indulgement or frustration
What are the psychosexual stages?
Oral Anal Phallic Latency Genital
At what age is the oral stage?
0-18 months
What is the fixation of the libido at the oral stage?
The mouth
What activities occur in the oral stage?
Breastfeeding
What happens if a child is over-indulged during the oral stage?
Needy
Optimistic
Gullible
What happens if a child is left frustrated during the oral stage?
Sarcasm
Pessimism
Envy
At what age is the anal stage?
18 months - 3 years
What is the fixation at the anal stage?
The anus
What activities occur during the anal stage?
Potty training and developing control over their body
What happens if the child is over-indulged during the anal stage?
Disorganised
Messy
Reckless
What happens if the child is left frustrated during the anal stage?
Stubborn
Overly tidy
Posessive
At what age is the phallic stage?
3-5 years old
What is the fixation at the phallic stage?
The genitals
What activities occur during the phallic stage?
Masterbation
What happens if the child develops a fixation at the phallic stage?
Self-assured
Vain
Problems with sexuality
Problems maintaining relationships
At what age is latency?
5 years old - puberty
What happens during latency?
There is no fixation of the libido and the child gets a better understanding of the world
No effects on adult personality
At what age is the gential stage?
Puberty and onwards
What is the fixation at the genital stage?
Genitals
What happens during the genital stage?
They grow up to engage in healthy heterosexual relationships and have a well developed personality
What is the assumption of the unconscious mind?
Much of our behaviour is governed by unconscious thoughts and unresolved conflicts that can’t be acessed directly. Linked to ego defence mechanisms
What are ego defense mechanisms?
The way the ego defends itself from conflicts between the id and superego
What are some examples of ego defence mechanisms?
Displacement
Projection
Repression
What is displacement?
An ego defence mechanism where emotions are transferred from one object to another
What is projection?
An ego defence mechanism where undesirable thoughts are blamed on something else
What is repression?
An ego defence mechanism where we push painful memories into our unconscious mind so they are effectively forgotten
What are the tree parts of the tripartite personality?
Id
Ego
Superego
What principle is the id also called?
Pleasure principle
What principle is the ego also called?
Reality principle
What principle is the superego also called?
Morality principle
When does the id develop?
Present from birth
What is the main concern of the id?
Immediate gratification and pleasure
What can the id be split up into?
Euros
Thanatos
What is Euros?
Part of the id
Sex-drive/life force
What is thanatos?
Part of the id
Self-destructive streak
What age does the ego develop?
2 years old
What is the main concern of the ego?
Find rational, socially acceptable ways of fufilling the wishes of the id
What age does the superego develop?
4 years old
How does the superego develop?
Identification with parents
What is the main concern of the superego?
Morals
Our sense of ideal self
Which two parts of the tripartite personality are often at conflict with each other?
Superego
Id
How can childhood experiances be applied to relationship formation?
Over-indulgence at the oral stage leads to a dependancy on others. Best way to fufill this need is to be in a relationship
How can defense mechanisms be used to explain relationship formation?
People may enter relationships to resolve unconscious conflicts like repressing their true sexuality
How can the tripartite personality be used to explain relationship formation?
Entering relationships is the ego’s way of acceptably fufilling the wishes of the id which wants pleasure
