Assistive Technology For Locomotion Flashcards
what are the two assistive technologies for locomotion?
ADs and LE orthotics
t/f: we want to know what the assistive technology is going to change when we prescribe them
true
we want to try and use what kind of ADs for as long as possible as you progress to the least restrictive device?
bilateral
what do we need to consider when making a prescription for assistive technologies?
the interaction bw fxnal performance and personal/environment factors and how they are going to effect gait speed, endurance, and balance
what 3 things do we want to be aware of with prescription of assistive technologies?
the pt fxn, prognosis, and ambulatory status
with d/c disposition home, home health, or outpatient, do we prescribe assistive technologies?
yes
with d/c disposition to IFR–> home or subacute–>home, do we prescribe assistive technologies?
sometimes
with d/c disposition to ECF and or with non-ambulatory pts, do we prescribe assistive technologies?
no
what are the reasons for orthotics?
limited DF (BIG ONE)
pt independence
stability
the PT exam for LE orthotics includes what?
a needs assessment for assistive technologies or other supportive devices
who is involved in the decision making team for LE orthotics?
the pt
the PT
the certified orthotist
the physician/physiatrist
what is the role of the pt in LE orthotics prescription?
know their expectations, compliance, co-morbidities, health condition, expected improvement, and resources
what is the role of the PT in the LE orthotics prescription?
they do the eval of gait and documentation of their current status and potential of the pt with an orthotic
what setting is the PT often more involved in the prescription of orthotics?
inpatient
what is the role of the certified orthotist in the prescription of orthotics?
they make the final determination in collaboration with the PT
expert in both materials and kinematics
what is the role of the physician/physiatrist in the prescription of orthotics?
they sign the prescription based upon the orthotist’s recommendation and provides oversight of the medical and rehab situation
what are the various types of LE orthoses?
HKAFO/HO
KAFO
AFO
what does the Rancho R.O.A.D.M.A.P stand for?
recommendations for orthotic assessment, decision-making, and prescription
t/f: the Racho R.O.A.D.M.A.P is widely used and accepted but has limitations for orthotic prescription
true
what is an AFO?
ankle foot orthotic
t/f: AFOs give mechanical advantage of crossing the ankle for increased control and stability of the jt
true
t/f: FOs change the angle of the foot w/relation to the floor in the sagittal and coronal places to effect change at the ankle or sometimes even at the knee
true
are FOs accommodative or corrective?
they can be either
what are the indications for AFOs?
muscle weakness/paralysis
some cases of genu recurvatum (<30 deg)
ligament laxity/damage (PTTD)
post-op (stability/limit motion)
OA
anatomical deformities (Charcot)
what are the contraindications for AFOs?
when knee instability is too great, so you need a higher level or support or stability
genu recurvatum >30 deg
some cases of severe spasticity
pt is nonabulatory
why is it a contraindication for LE orthotics when the pt is nonambulatory?
bc orthotics for positional purposes will not likely be covered
t/f: ground reaction forces of AFOs can provide a knee moment that can produce knee stability if the knee buckles bc the AFO in terminal stance wont allow DF as much, forcing back the knee
true
how are LE orthotics typically donned?
in sitting/EOB using the webbed space of the hand to push the heel in first then the leg
should an orthotic be donned distal to proximal or proximal to distal?
distal to proximal
M/L clearance on the leg should be ___ mm for conventional, total contact for polymer
3-6
medial ankle jt clearance should be__ mm
6
lateral ankle jt clearance should be ___ mm
5
the shell/frame should have ___ mm clearance below the fibular head
20
describe the initial wear schedule for LE orthotics
start low and ramp up the wear schedule by an hour a day working up to all waking Horus so the skin can support the change of what has been introduced to the LE
t/f: the shoes worn over AFOs are important
true
often, the shoes over AFOs are ___ size(s) bigger than the contralateral foot
1/2
what shells/frames are available with LE orthotics?
tibial (ant)
post
med
lat
if a pt has fluctuant edema, should they be prescribed a total contact AFO?
NO
t/f: you need increased pressure relief when prescribing a total contact AFO
true
what are the various frame materials for LE orthotics?
thermoplastic polymer, carbon graphite, and others
if the ____ trimline is too proximal, it interferes with knee flexion
posterior
what are the various trimlines of LE orthotics?
proximal, anterior, ankle, and footplate
t/f: trimline on the polymer can determine fxn
true
what is one of the most important pieces of an AFO prescription?
the ankle jt
which type of AFO ankle jt allows no movement at the ankle?
solid AFO
which type of AFO ankle jt allows some flexibility in material?
semisolid AFO
which type of AFO ankle jt allows some ankle movement?
articulating jt AFO
if you think a pt may progress a few months or a year down the line to need an articulating ankle jt AFO, can you plan ahead to modify a solid jt to an articulating jt?
yes!!!
if you plan ahead for a modification can it be paid for rather than getting a new orthotic?
yes!
a full footplate trimline is generally chosen for what pts?
pts with a lot of spasticity
a metatarsal trimline is generally chosen for what pts?
when pts need more terminal stance and push off w/toe extension allowed
what footplate trimline allows more terminal stance and push off w/toe extension allowed?
metatarsal trimline
does a static or dynamic AFO prohibit motion in any plane in the ankle?
static AFO
does static or dynamic AFO allow some deg of sagittal plane motion at the ankle?
dynamic AFO
are posterior leaf spring (PLS) AFOs and spiral AFOs static or dynamic AFOs?
dynamic AFOs
what are SAFOs?
static AFOs
are MAFOs with solid ankle static or dynamic AFOs?
static AFOs
are articulating SAFOs and MAFOs static or dynamic AFOs?
dynamic AFOs
are tone inhibiting AFOs static or dynamic AFOs?
static AFOs
are ground reaction/anterior AFOs static or dynamic AFOs?
static AFOs
are carbon graphite AFOs static or dynamic AFOs?
dynamic AFOs
are metal DBL upright open AFOs static or dynamic AFOs?
dynamic AFOs