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Lab & Surgical procedures > Assisting in Microbiology and Immunology > Flashcards

Assisting in Microbiology and Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

drugs, chemicals, or other substances that can destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

  • Can be antibiotics or antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic drugs or agents
A

Antimicrobial

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2
Q

Describes reproduction that does not involve the fusion of male and female sex cells, such as in plant reproduction, fission, or budding.

A

Asexually

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3
Q

Asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms during which one cell divides into two daughter cells.

A

Binary fission

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4
Q

A name consisting of a generic and a specific term

A

Binomial

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5
Q

A bacterium that can cause symptoms that range from diarrhea to severe inflammation of the colon (can be fatal).

A

Clostridium difficile : (C. diff)

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6
Q

A gram-positive pathogen that is resistant to multiple antibiotics.

A

MRSA : methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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7
Q

A system of names or terms, used in science and art to categorize items.

A

Nomenclature

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8
Q

Microorganisms (mostly bacteria and yeast) that live on or in the body and usually do not cause disease.

  • Normal microscopic residents of the body.
A

Normal flora

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9
Q

Pertaining to a parasite.

A

Parasitic

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10
Q

Any organism that is made up of at least one cell and has genetic material that is not enclosed in a nucleus.

  • Bacteria are prokaryotes, primitive organisms.
A

Prokaryote

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11
Q

Single-celled organisms that are the most primitive form of animal life

A

Protozoa

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12
Q

Relating to or caused by a virus.

A

Viral

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13
Q

The simplest unit of a chemical compound that can exist, consisting of two or more atoms held together with chemical bonds.

A

Molecule

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14
Q

commonly used to make blood smears are described as polychromatic.

A

Stain

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15
Q

An inactive form of certain bacteria that can withstand poor environmental conditions.

A

Endospore

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16
Q

A long, whiplike outgrowth from a cell that helps the cell move.

A

Flagella

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17
Q

Any single-celled or multicellular organism that has genetic material contained in a distinct membrane-bound nucleus.

A

Eukaryote

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18
Q

A growth of tiny fungi forming on a substance.

A

Mold

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19
Q

Any animal that lacks a spine, such as insects, crustaceans, arachnids, and others.

A

Arthropod

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20
Q

Thick mucus, often referred to as phlegm.

  • It is coughed up from the lungs; not saliva that originates in the mouth.
A

Sputum

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21
Q

An arthropod (mosquito, tick, flea) that carries disease and transmits it to another organism through a blood meal.

A

Vector

22
Q

Immature free-living forms of many animals; develop into the adult form.

A

Larvae

23
Q

parasites called worms who live on or in another living organism.

A

Helminths

24
Q

A thick-walled protective membrane enclosing a cell, larva, or organism.

A

Protozoal cyst

25
Q

A glass slide that holds a specimen suspended in a drop of liquid for microscopic examination.

A

Wet mount

26
Q

A process by which a specific substance is separated from a group or solution.

A

Extraction

27
Q

An antibody that has an affinity for an antigen other than the specific antigen that stimulated its production.

A

Heterophile antibody

28
Q

Pertaining to the science involving the immune properties and actions of serum.

A

Serologic

29
Q

Infections caused by microorganisms that normally do not cause disease but that become pathogenic when the body’s immune system is impaired and unable to fight off infection. (AIDS)

A

Opportunistic infections

30
Q

The growth of only one microorganism in a culture or on a nutrient surface.

A

Pure culture

31
Q

A test for fecal occult blood in which glacial acetic acid and guaiac are mixed with the specimen.

A

Guaiac fecal occult blood test

32
Q

Which test involves placing a drop of liquid specimen and a cover slip over the specimen to observe it with the microscope?

A

Wet mount

33
Q

An ingredient used in a laboratory to treat specimens for microscopic examination is called a(n)

A

reagent

34
Q

Which medical term is the study of fungi and the diseases they cause?

A

Mycology

35
Q

Which type of bacteria appears in clusters or has a grapelike shape?

A

Staphylococcus

36
Q

________________ is an acute infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).

A

Infectious mononucleosis

37
Q

Helminths are _________ that live in or on other organisms.

A

worms

38
Q

What is a thick-walled protective membrane enclosing a cell, larva, or organism?

A

Protozoal cyst

39
Q

Which option is/are single-cell prokaryote organisms?

A

Bacteria

40
Q

What are foreign bodies that invade and cause harm to an immune system?

A

Antigens

41
Q

What is another name for rod-shaped bacteria?

A

Bacilli

42
Q

the study of all parasitic organisms that live on or in the human body

A

Parasitology

43
Q

Parasites are frequently identified in ..

A
  • feces
  • blood
  • urine
  • sputum
  • tissue fluid or tissue biopsy
44
Q

parasites called worms

A

Helminths

45
Q

Viruses are also considered _________________________

A

obligate intracellular pathogen

46
Q

different types of transport devices :

A
  • plastic tube with sterile darcon swab
  • sealed vial of transport medium
47
Q

Most pathogenic organisms prefer body temp, approximately __ degrees celsius.
Will remain viable for up to __ hrs if held at room temp

A
  • 37 degrees celsius.
  • 72 hrs
48
Q

A wet mount is used on a slide to observe _________ __________

A

moving organisms

49
Q

AKA “Enterobius vermicularis”

A

Pinworm collection

50
Q

Eggs hatch in the small intestine, and females migrate out of the anus, usually at night

A

Pinworm collection

51
Q

3 layers of Nasal and nasopharyngeal specimen collection :

A
  • anterior nasal specimen
  • mid-turbinate specimen
  • nasopharyngeal specimen
52
Q

Sputum cultures may be ordered when patients have symptoms that may be related to ____________________

A

infectious respiratory diseases

Lab & Surgical procedures (8 decks)

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