Assisting in Microbiology and Immunology

Question 1

drugs, chemicals, or other substances that can destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

• Can be antibiotics or antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic drugs or agents

Answer 1

Antimicrobial

Question 2

Describes reproduction that does not involve the fusion of male and female sex cells, such as in plant reproduction, fission, or budding.

Answer 2

Asexually

Question 3

Asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms during which one cell divides into two daughter cells.

Answer 3

Binary fission

Question 4

A name consisting of a generic and a specific term

Answer 4

Binomial

Question 5

A bacterium that can cause symptoms that range from diarrhea to severe inflammation of the colon (can be fatal).

Answer 5

Clostridium difficile : (C. diff)

Question 6

A gram-positive pathogen that is resistant to multiple antibiotics.

Answer 6

MRSA : methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Question 7

A system of names or terms, used in science and art to categorize items.

Answer 7

Nomenclature

Question 8

Microorganisms (mostly bacteria and yeast) that live on or in the body and usually do not cause disease.

• Normal microscopic residents of the body.

Answer 8

Normal flora

Question 9

Pertaining to a parasite.

Answer 9

Parasitic

Question 10

Any organism that is made up of at least one cell and has genetic material that is not enclosed in a nucleus.

• Bacteria are prokaryotes, primitive organisms.

Answer 10

Prokaryote

Question 11

Single-celled organisms that are the most primitive form of animal life

Answer 11

Protozoa

Question 12

Relating to or caused by a virus.

Answer 12

Viral

Question 13

The simplest unit of a chemical compound that can exist, consisting of two or more atoms held together with chemical bonds.

Answer 13

Molecule

Question 14

commonly used to make blood smears are described as polychromatic.

Answer 14

Stain

Question 15

An inactive form of certain bacteria that can withstand poor environmental conditions.

Answer 15

Endospore

Question 16

A long, whiplike outgrowth from a cell that helps the cell move.

Answer 16

Flagella

Question 17

Any single-celled or multicellular organism that has genetic material contained in a distinct membrane-bound nucleus.

Answer 17

Eukaryote

Question 18

A growth of tiny fungi forming on a substance.

Answer 18

Mold

Question 19

Any animal that lacks a spine, such as insects, crustaceans, arachnids, and others.

Answer 19

Arthropod

Question 20

Thick mucus, often referred to as phlegm.

• It is coughed up from the lungs; not saliva that originates in the mouth.

Answer 20

Sputum

Question 21

An arthropod (mosquito, tick, flea) that carries disease and transmits it to another organism through a blood meal.

Answer 21

Vector

Question 22

Immature free-living forms of many animals; develop into the adult form.

Answer 22

Larvae

Question 23

parasites called worms who live on or in another living organism.

Answer 23

Helminths

Question 24

A thick-walled protective membrane enclosing a cell, larva, or organism.

Answer 24

Protozoal cyst

Question 25

A glass slide that holds a specimen suspended in a drop of liquid for microscopic examination.

Answer 25

Wet mount

Question 26

A process by which a specific substance is separated from a group or solution.

Answer 26

Extraction

Question 27

An antibody that has an affinity for an antigen other than the specific antigen that stimulated its production.

Answer 27

Heterophile antibody

Question 28

Pertaining to the science involving the immune properties and actions of serum.

Answer 28

Serologic

Question 29

Infections caused by microorganisms that normally do not cause disease but that become pathogenic when the body’s immune system is impaired and unable to fight off infection. (AIDS)

Answer 29

Opportunistic infections

Question 30

The growth of only one microorganism in a culture or on a nutrient surface.

Answer 30

Pure culture

Question 31

A test for fecal occult blood in which glacial acetic acid and guaiac are mixed with the specimen.

Answer 31

Guaiac fecal occult blood test

Question 32

Which test involves placing a drop of liquid specimen and a cover slip over the specimen to observe it with the microscope?

Answer 32

Wet mount

Question 33

An ingredient used in a laboratory to treat specimens for microscopic examination is called a(n)

Answer 33

reagent

Question 34

Which medical term is the study of fungi and the diseases they cause?

Answer 34

Mycology

Question 35

Which type of bacteria appears in clusters or has a grapelike shape?

Answer 35

Staphylococcus

Question 36

________________ is an acute infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).

Answer 36

Infectious mononucleosis

Question 37

Helminths are _________ that live in or on other organisms.

Answer 37

worms

Question 38

What is a thick-walled protective membrane enclosing a cell, larva, or organism?

Answer 38

Protozoal cyst

Question 39

Which option is/are single-cell prokaryote organisms?

Answer 39

Bacteria

Question 40

What are foreign bodies that invade and cause harm to an immune system?

Answer 40

Antigens

Question 41

What is another name for rod-shaped bacteria?

Answer 41

Bacilli

Question 42

the study of all parasitic organisms that live on or in the human body

Answer 42

Parasitology

Question 43

Parasites are frequently identified in ..

Answer 43

- feces - blood - urine - sputum - tissue fluid or tissue biopsy

Question 44

parasites called worms

Answer 44

Helminths

Question 45

Viruses are also considered _________________________

Answer 45

obligate intracellular pathogen

Question 46

different types of transport devices :

Answer 46

- plastic tube with sterile darcon swab - sealed vial of transport medium

Question 47

Most pathogenic organisms prefer body temp, approximately __ degrees celsius. Will remain viable for up to __ hrs if held at room temp

Answer 47

- 37 degrees celsius. - 72 hrs

Question 48

A wet mount is used on a slide to observe _________ __________

Answer 48

moving organisms

Question 49

AKA “Enterobius vermicularis”

Answer 49

Pinworm collection

Question 50

Eggs hatch in the small intestine, and females migrate out of the anus, usually at night

Answer 50

Pinworm collection

Question 51

3 layers of Nasal and nasopharyngeal specimen collection :

Answer 51

- anterior nasal specimen - mid-turbinate specimen - nasopharyngeal specimen

Question 52

Sputum cultures may be ordered when patients have symptoms that may be related to ____________________

Answer 52

infectious respiratory diseases