ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES Flashcards
refers to fertility treatments that can help with the inability to conceive children.
ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUE
egg is fertilized by sperm outside in a laboratory, and resulting embryo is implanted into the uterus.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
treat infertility caused by factors such as blocked fallopian tubes, low sperm count, ovulation disorders
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
Factors Affecting IVF Success
Age of the Woman
Egg and Sperm Quality
Clinic Expertise and Technology
age range that tend to have the highest chances of successful pregnancy
through IVF,
Women under 35
condition where the ovaries over-respond to fertility medications, causing them
to become swollen and painful.
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) Symptoms:
mild bloating and
discomfort
severe abdominal pain,
nausea,
vomiting,
fluid buildup in the
abdomen.
stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs.
Hormonal medications
Evaluates the quantity and quality of a woman’s remaining eggs.
Ovarian Reserve Testing
Assesses the ovaries, uterus, and endometrial lining for abnormalities.
identify conditions such as (PCOS), fibroids, or ovarian cysts.
Transvaginal Ultrasound
X-ray test that examines the fallopian tubes and uterine cavity using contrast dye.
detect blockages, uterine abnormalities
Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
saline solution is injected into the uterus, and ultrasound performed
check abnormalities. identify polyps, fibroids, or scar tissue
Sonohysterography (Saline Infusion Sonogram, SIS)
Screens embryos for genetic abnormalities before transfer.
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)
Also known as “Artificial Insemination”, placing specially prepared sperm directly in the uterus.
Intrauterine Insemination
IUI success is usually performed within ____hours after detecting a surge in (LH) or after administering an ovulation-inducing trigger shot (hCG).
24–36 hours
thick and well-developed uterine lining (8–12 mm)
Endometrial Receptivity
a procedure that is Less invasive and more affordable
IUI
IUI Can be performed with or without fertility medications. T/F
TRUE
oral medication to induce ovulation
Clomiphene citrate
injectable hormones to stimulate multiple follicle growth
Gonadotropins (hMG, FSH) –
given to trigger ovulation when follicles are
mature
hCG injection
Semen is collected from the male partner or donor and processed in the lab
to separate high-quality, motile sperm
Sperm Washing:
may be prescribed to support the luteal phase and implantation.
Progesterone supplementation
Hormonal Blood Tests: – evaluates ovarian reserve.
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
Hormonal Blood Tests: to confirm ovulation.
Progesterone
Hormonal Blood Tests: to detect hormonal imbalances.
Prolactin & Thyroid Function Tests (TSH)
a single sperm cell is directly injected into the cytoplasm of a mature oocyte to facilitate fertilization.
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
primarily used in cases of severe male infertility
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
Severe Oligospermia (low sperm count)
<5 million sperm/mL
(poor sperm motility)
Asthenozoospermia
(abnormal sperm morphology / structural defects)
Teratozoospermia
(no sperm to ejaculate)
Azoospermia
sperm enters bladders instead of being ejaculate.
Retrograde Ejaculation
Pre-Procedure for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): abstain from ejaculation for
2-5 days
eggs are retrieved from a woman’s ovaries, mixed with sperm, and then transferred directly into the fallopian tubes.
Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT)
Fertilizing an egg with sperm in vitro (outside the body) to form a zygote.
The zygote is then transferred into the woman’s fallopian tube via laparoscopy.
Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer (ZIFT)
is a hybrid of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT).
ZIFT
(AMH),
and Anti-Müllerian Hormone
