Assignment 6 (Equine) Part 2

Question 1

What results in the reduction in size of the pulp cavity of the tooth over time?

Answer 1

The slow production of secondary dentin throughout the life of the animal.

Question 2

What is the purpose of secondary dentin?

Answer 2

It prevents the pulp cavity from exposure as the tooth is worn down on the occlusal surface.

Question 3

What is the purpose of elaborate folding of cheek teeth?

Answer 3

To increase the surface area of enamel on the occlusal surface

Alternating layers of hard enamel and softer cement and dentin creates an uneven, rasp-like surface (efficient for grinding)

Question 4

The upper arcade is narrower than the lower arcade. True or false?

Answer 4

False, the lower arcade is narrower than the upper arcade.

Question 5

What is the result of incomplete side to side chewing movement?

Answer 5

Sharp points on the buccal surface of the upper cheek teeth.

Sharp points on the lingual surface of the lower cheek teeth.

Question 6

Where do horses get “hooks”?

Answer 6

Usually on the rostral end of the upper cheek teeth (PM2), and the caudal end of the lower cheek teeth (M3)

Question 7

What is the most accurate estimate of age in a horse?

Answer 7

Eruption dates of lower incisors; wear and shape of lower incisors after all are erupted

Question 8

How long does it take a tooth to make contact with the tooth of the opposite arcade after eruption?

Answer 8

about 6 months

Question 9

What age do you see “hooks”?

Answer 9

7 and 11 years, not reliable for aging

Question 10

At what age are all lower incisors in wear?

Answer 10

5 years

Question 11

What are the eruption dates of lower I1, I2, and I3?

Answer 11

I1 2.5 years
I2 3.5 years
I3 4.5 years

Question 12

Eruption date of PM1

Answer 12

5-6 months

Question 13

Eruption date of PM2

Answer 13

2.5 years

Question 14

Eruption date of PM3

Answer 14

3 years

Question 15

Eruption date of PM4

Answer 15

4 years

Question 16

Eruption date of M1

Answer 16

1 year (makes 4 cheek teeth)

Question 17

Eruption date of M2

Answer 17

2 years (5 cheek teeth)

Question 18

Eruption date of M3

Answer 18

1.5-4 years (6 cheek teeth)

Question 19

Why would you expect to see swelling on the ventral margin of the mandible of a young horse?

Answer 19

2-4 year olds can have swelling associated with development of the permanent cheek teeth

Question 20

How doe the enamel spot and dental star feel different?

Answer 20

enamel spot = raised

dental star = smooth (dentin) no ridges