Assignment 14 (Equine) Flashcards
Medial and lateral glenohumeral ligaments are well developed, arise from the supraglenoid tubercle, and end on the greater tubercle. True or false?
True; They are poorly developed and end on the greater AND lesser tubercles.
What type of joint is the elbow joint? What are its primary movements?
Hinge joint; flexion and extension
What are the articular surfaces of the elbow joint?
trochlear surface of the humerus and the capitulum
trochlear notch of the ulna
radial head
The bursa of UL m. communicates with the elbow joint in one third of horses. True or false?
True
Describe the parts of the lateral and medial collateral ligaments of the elbow.
Lateral: Short, one part
Medial: long, cranial part AND short, caudal part
What are the radioulnar articular surfaces?
two small facets, on the ulna and the caudal surface of the radius
What is the radioulnar ligament?
Runs from shaft of the ulna to the caudal surface of the radius
What type of joint is the carpal joint overall?
Hinge joint
What joints of the carpal joint communicate?
Middle carpal and carpometacarpal joints communicate
What is the intercarpal joint?
Formed between the individual carpal bones of each row, very limited range of motion
What is another name for the antebrachiocarpal joint?
radiocarpal
What forms the radiocarpal joint?
distal end of the radius and ulna PLUS the proximal carpal bones
What are the primary movements of the radiocarpal joint?
flexion and extension
What joints have the most and less movement in the carpal joint?
most- radiocarpal
less- carpometacarpal (plane joints do not allow much movement)
What forms the middle carpal joint?
proximal and distal carpal rows
What forms the carpometacarpal joint?
distal carpal bones and metacarpal bones
The fibrous part of the joint capsule is common for all three joints of the carpus. True or false?
True
Describe the fibrous parts of the joint capsule.
Dorsal part is the extensor retinaculum.
Palmar part is the palmar carpal ligament.
Continues distally as the distal check ligament.
What sacs are formed by the synovial membrane?
Three sacs correspond to three joints.
Which synovial sac of the carpal joint is voluminous?
radiocarpal sac
Which synovial sac of the carpal joint communicates between the 3rd and 4th carpal bones?
middle carpal WITH the carpometacarpal
Which synovial sac is tight and encloses the carpometacarpal joint?
Carpometacarpal sac
Where does the superficial branch of the lateral collateral ligament of the elbow insert?
MC4
Where does the deep branch of the lateral collateral ligament of the elbow insert?
proximal part- ulnar carpal bone
distal part- MC4
Where does the superficial branch of the medial collateral ligament of the elbow insert?
MC2 and MC3
Where does the deep branch of the medial collateral ligament of the elbow insert?
proximal part: intermediate carpal bone
distal part: MC2
What is the approach for injections in the carpus?
dorsal approach
What position should the radiocarpal joint be in for injections?
Flexed carpus
What position should the middle carpal joint be in for injections?
Flexed carpus
What are the palpable points for a radiocarpal injection?
distal edge of the radius and the proximal edge of the radial carpal bone
Where is the needle inserted for a radiocarpal injection?
Between palpable landmarks medial to the medial edge of the palpable tendon of ECR
What are the palpable landmarks for injecting the middle carpal joint?
distal edge of the radial carpal bone and the proximal edge of the 3rd carpal bone
Where is the needle inserted for a middle carpal joint injection?
medial to the palpable tendon of the ECR
What is the proper name for the fetlock joint?
metacarpophalangeal joint
What kind of joint is the fetlock joint?
composite joint, acts as a hinge joint
What are the primary actions of the fetlock joint?
flexion, extension
What are the parts of the joint capsule of the fetlock joint?
dorsal pouch: between cannon and digital extensor tendons
palmar pouch: between cannon and suspensory ligament
What bursa is associated with the fetlock joint?
Bursa between the joint capsule and the digital extensor tendons (CDE, LDE)
What injection approach is used for the fetlock joint?
Palmar approach
How many parts do the lateral and medial collateral ligaments of the elbow have?
lateral- one part
medial- long cranial and short caudal
What is the injection sire for the elbow joint?
caudal approach
What are the branches of the lateral and medial collateral ligaments of the carpal joint?
lateral collateral: superficial and deep branches. Deep branch has proximal and distal parts.
The medial collateral has the same branching.
What are the components of the metacarpophalangeal joint?
dorsal or distal pouch
both have proximal and distal extentsion
What are the ligaments of the fetlock?
medial and lateral collateral ligaments
sesamoidean ligaments of the proximal sesamoid bones
What are the proximal ligaments of the proximal sesamoid bones?
suspensory ligament
metacarpo-intersesamoidean ligament
What are the middle ligaments of the proximal sesamoid bones?
collateral sesmoidean ligaments
intersesamoidean ligament (or palmar ligament)
What are the distal ligaments of the proximal sesamoid bones?
superficial: straight and oblique sesamoidean ligaments
deep: cruciate and short sesamoidean ligaments
What is the injection site for the fetlock joint?
palmar approach
What are the ligaments of the pastern joint?
medial and lateral collateral
axial palmar
abaxial palmar
What approach is used for pastern joint injections?
palmar approach
What is the proper name for the pastern joint?
proximal interphalangeal joint
Describe the joint capsule components of the coffin joint.
Dorsal and distal pouches with proximal and distal extensions.
What joint is the navicular bursa located?
coffin
What is the proper name for the coffin joint?
distal interphalangeal joint
What are the ligaments of the coffin joint?
medial and lateral collateral ligaments
ligaments of the distal sesamoid bones
What are the ligaments of the distal sesamoid bones?
Collateral sesamoidean ligaments (medial and lateral)
impar distal sesamoidean ligament
T-ligament
What is the approach used for coffin joint injection?
Lateral approach
What joint does not have collateral ligaments?
shoulder
What structures are palpable landmarks for the shoulder joint injection?
greater and lesser tubercles
Which collateral ligament of the elbow joint has two parts?
medial collateral
If the the needle is inserted into the olecranon fossa in a distomedial direction approximately 45 degrees from the vertical, you will reach the _______ joint.
elbow joint
Where is the location of the navicular bursa?
coffin joint
Which three synovial structures are separated by the T-ligament?
tendon sheath of DDF
navicular bursa
distal interphalangeal (coffin)joint capsule
The dorsal pouch of the fetlock joint is located between the cannon bone and the _______.
digital extensor tendons
