assignment 1 Flashcards
the Colorado River has carved the Grand Canyon to a depth of __________ and length of __________
a mile; 277 miles
what does the Great Unconformity represent on the Grand Canyon?
the missing layers from earth’s history that has not been recorded
describe the nebular theory
a cloud of gas and space dust were attracted to each other to become the solar system. the closely condensed matter is the sun and the rest of the matter was distributed in rings around the sun
the enormous cloud of gas and dust initially condensed due to particle attraction. What force then pulled the cloud into a flat disk shape?
gravity pulled the cloud into a flat disk shape
where did the energy of the Sun come from originally?
thermonuclear fusion
what object or class of objects makes up most of the solar system’s mass?
8 planets, the asteroid belt, comets, dwarf planets, etc
through the course of time, what has happened to the number and size of the bodies in our solar system?
the number of bodies have reduced, but the size of the bodies have increased
what is the difference between magma and lava?
magma is underground molten rock, lava is molten rock above the ground
what are the two most important driving forces of metamorphism?
heat and intense pressure
_____ igneous rocks are those that cool below the surface
intrusive
igneous rocks of felsic composition have __________ and __________ relative to mafic igneous rocks.
a. greater silica; lower melting temperature
b. lighter color; higher melting temperature
c. darker color; lower melting temperature
d. greater Ca; lower melting temperature
e. greater K and Na; higher melting temperature
a. greater silica; lower melting temperature
which of the following is true about mafic igneous rocks?
a. mafic igneous rocks are rich in Fe, Mg, and Ca.
b. mafic igneous rocks have a melting temperature around 650° C.
c. mafic igneous rocks are rich in Si, K, and Na.
d. mafic igneous rocks are dominantly composed of muscovite and quartz.
e. mafic igneous rock examples include diorite and andesite
a. mafic igneous rocks are rich in Fe, Mg, and Ca.
gold has a specific gravity of almost 20. A 5 L bucket of water weighs 5 kg. How much would a 5 L bucket of gold weigh?
100 kg
which of the following would decrease the viscosity of magma?
a. a decrease in the slope of the volcanic flank
b. an increase in temperature
c. a decrease in water content
d. an increase in silica content
e. a decrease in dissolved gases
b. an increase in temperature
