Assessments Part One- Quiz Three

Question 1

Define Personality

Answer 1

characteristic patterns of behavior, thought, or emotional experience that exhibit relative consistency across time and situations

Question 2

What does a personality assessment measure?

Answer 2

More than just measuring traits: Also measure motives, intentions, goals, strategies, and how people perceive and construct the world

Question 3

Are personality assessments just for psychologists?

Answer 3

No
•How did you decide whom to have as a roommate?
•How do you decide whom to hire
•How do you choose a career or management style?

Question 4

Personality Assessments are

Answer 4

Often more important (definitely more frequent) than decisions made by psychologists

Question 5

What are the most important things to know in regards to a personality assessment?

Answer 5

Most important to know: degree to which the judgment or test is right or wrong
•For Tests: the central concern is validity
•For Judgments: the central concern is accuracy

Question 6

What are the two basic criteria for the quality of assessment?

Answer 6

Agreement and Prediction

Question 7

Who are personality tests used by?

Answer 7

Used by psychologists (experimental and clinical), corporations, and the military

Question 8

Personality tests have…

Answer 8

Omnibus inventories: measure a wide range of traits

Question 9

What do personality tests provide?

Answer 9

Most tests provide S data
•Some tests provide B data
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Implicit Association Test (IAT)
All Projective Tests (such as the Thematic Apperception Test)
Intelligence

Question 10

Implicit Associations Test (IAT)

Answer 10

Me, Them, Others
Shy, Inhibited, Not Shy
Me or Shy, Candid, Others or Not Shy
Me or Not Shy, Outgoing, Others or Shy

Question 11

What does the IAT do?

Answer 11

Measures Reaction (or Response) Time along with the response choices

Question 12

What is the IAT?

Answer 12

Method employed in a range of research domains.

Question 13

What is the theory behind IAT?

Answer 13

Theory: people who implicitly, or nonconsciously, know they have a certain trait will respond faster when the trait is paired with “me”

Question 14

What is a Projective Test?

Answer 14

a test that presents a person with an ambiguous stimulus and asks him or her to describe what is seen

Question 15

What is the theory behind projective tests?

Answer 15

Answers are thought to reveal inner psychological states or motivations of which the person may be unaware

Question 16

What are some examples of projective tests?

Answer 16

Rorschach inkblot test, Draw-A-Person test, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Question 17

What are some advantages of projective tests?

Answer 17

Advantages
•Good tool for breaking the ice with a client (frequently used with children or with reticent adult clients). Clinician interpretations can initiate
productive conversations
•Some skilled clinicians may be able to use them to get information not captured in other types of tests
•With a well-trained and talented clinician, can provide richer and more dimensional data than most objective tests

Question 18

What are some disadvantages of projective tests?

Answer 18

Disadvantages
•Expensive and time-consuming •A psychologist cannot be sure about what they mean (obviously relies on
clinician interpretations), so reliability is always a concern •Other less expensive tests work as well or better for most purposes

Question 19

What type of data do projective tests provide?

Answer 19

B data

Question 20

What are the most valid projective tests?

Answer 20

Most valid tests seem to the be the TAT and Rorschach (with one of two scoring methods)

Question 21

Who uses projective tests?

Answer 21

•Still used by many clinical psychologists, though not always for the same goals or theoretical reasons

Question 22

Are projective tests valid?

Answer 22

Validity evidence is scarce

Question 23

What are objective tests?

Answer 23

Definition: a personality test that consists of a list of questions to be answered by the subject as true or false or on a numeric scale

Question 24

What is the validity and subjectivity of test items on objective tests?

Answer 24

Validity and the subjectivity of test items
•Items are still not absolutely objective; they can be interpreted in different
ways

Question 25

Objective Tests! More is Better

Answer 25

•The principle of aggregation •The average of answers to several items increases stability and reliability •Use Spearman-Brown formula to calculate reliability if items were added