Assessment and Diagnosis

Question 1

What is some important information to know about a patient during the assessment stage?

Answer 1

• Social/behavioral history
• Social context
• Culture
• This is also a good to time to build a good rapport with the patient

Question 2

What is reliability?

Answer 2

How consistently a test measures something.

Question 3

True or False: Reliability equals validity

Answer 3

False (reliability does not equal validity)

Question 4

What are some ways to look at reliability?

Answer 4

• Test-retest: testing and retesting to look for consistency
• Interrater: Multiple people assessing the same thing about an individual (not just one person assessing and coming to a conclusion)

Question 5

What is Validity?

Answer 5

How well a test measures what it is supposed to measure

Question 6

True or False: You need reliability for something to have validity

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What are the types of validity?

Answer 7

• Face (is something measuring what it appears to be measuring)
• Concurrent/Convergent (the extent to which your assessment maps on to things that it should be similar with and vice versa)
• Predictive (how well does it predict what we think it should predict)

Question 8

What is standardization?

Answer 8

The process by which a psychological test is administered, scored, and interpreted in a consistent or standard matter. (tests have to be administered to a large sample size to establish norms)

Question 9

What are some types of psychological assessments?

Answer 9

• Clinical interviews
• Intelligence tests
• personality tests
• Observations
• physical assessments

Question 10

What are some ways to conduct a clinical interview?

Answer 10

• Unstructured (shorter in length, subjective, and low reliability)
• Structured (longer in length=downside, higher reliability, most are considered to be “semi-structured”)

Question 11

What are some types of personality tests?

Answer 11

• projective (Rorschach=more subjective, and less reliable)
• objective (MMPI-questionnaire=more reliable)
• Self reports

Question 12

What are the differences between naturalistic observations and analog observations?

Answer 12

Naturalistic observations observe the patient in their normal environment which is a more reliable and valid method, and analog observations are observations of a patient in a set up scenario by the therapist which is less reliable and less valid.

Question 13

Review some of the ethical issues that could arise during assessment…

Answer 13

in notes

Question 14

What are the types of classification models when it comes to diagnosis?

Answer 14

• Categorical
• Dimensional (EX: scale of normal –> abnormal)
• Prototypical