Assessment Flashcards
Formal assessment
Do you still psychological test to gather information
Informal assessment procedures
Include interviews and observation as well as informal Instruments such as inventories rating skills checklist
Selecting assessment strategies steps
Whiston
Step one determine information
Step to analyze strategies for obtaining information
Step three search assessment resources to select possible strategies Step four evaluate possible assessment strategies
Clients readiness for change using Prochaska & DiClemente’s
Precontemplation Contemplation Determination Action Maintenance
Actuarial Preditions
Statistical predictions empirically validated relationships between test results and interior and make you so multiple regression equation
Clinical Prediction
Predictions are made on the decision-makers intuition experience knowledge
Malingering
Faking bad
Acculturation
Refers to the degree in which a member of culturally diverse group accept and adheres to the value his group and the majority
Individualism
Centers on the personal Control with the worldview emphasizing personal concepts over her family life
Collectivism
Worldview assumed that group connect and mutually obligate individuals; one aspects for and is subordinate to the larger social context family life over self concept
Initial intake interviews procedure
Gathering information
Defining the problem
Establishing the therapeutic relationship
Skills and technique for a sound interview
Building rapport
Using encouragers
Prompts for further questions
Clarification
Response to bacon unclear client message
Paraphrase
Paraphrase emphasizes the literal meaning of the clients message content rather than affect
Reflection
emphasis on the part of the message that is most helpful includes reflection of content or reflection of feeling
Reflecting content
you consider what elements a clients message are most likely to promote achievement of the interview goals
Reflection of feeling
Expresses the emotional component of the clients message
Summarization
Tied together related elements that occur at different times pull elements together
Exploring silences
Important for you to explore and discover the meaning
assess the meaning and the function of silence
sometimes no response to silence is appropriate
Empathetic communication
Recognition of the clients feeling demonstrate empathy involving more than just
recognizing clients feelings also involves those feelings and verbal and nonverbal ways
Reciprocal
accurately reflects the factual aspects of the clients message
Additive
Reflects the full range of content and feeling
Counselor self-disclosure
Statements you make to client refill some of your own thoughts feelings or life experience helps the client feel comfortable
Rappot
Characterized by a sense of trust
Interviewing children
Primarily use open ended questions avoid leading questions
DIS
Diagnostic interview schedule
Structured diagnostic interviews
Clinical judgment please little or no role
Examples of structure diagnostic interviews
Diagnostic interview schedule diagnostic interview schedule for children
psychiatry research interview for substance and mental disorder personalities disorder examination anxiety disorder interview schedule fourth edition
psychopathy checklist
structured interview for reported symptom
psychosocial pain inventories
Comprehensive drink your profile
Eating disorder examination
Substance use disorder diagnostic schedule
DISC
Diagnostic interview schedule for children
PRISM
psychiatry research interview for substance and mental disorder
PDE
personalities disorder examination
ADIS IV
anxiety disorder interview schedule fourth edition
PLC
psychopathy checklist
SIRS
structured interview for reported symptom
PSPI
psychosocial pain inventories
CDP
Comprehensive drinker profile
EDE
Eating disorder examination
SUDDS
Substance use disorder diagnostic schedule
Other tools used in initial assessments
Checkless
rating scales
Disorders of the endocrine system
Hyperthyroidism
hypoglycemia
Diabetes mellitus
Measures of central tendency
Mode
median
mean
Measures of variability
Range
Variance
Standard deviation
Range
Calculated by subtracting lowest score from highest score in distribution
Variance
Mean square includes all the scores in the distribution rather than just the highest and lowest calculation required squaring each deviation score
Standard deviation
Calculated by taking the square root of the variance
Speed test
Contain items that are so easy that all examinees could answer all the answers correctly if given enough time
Power tests
Are made up of items a very difficulty levels reflects the level of difficulty mastered
Forced choice formats and Likert scale’s
Forced choice format with examinee choosing the rating example 1 through 10
Likert scale’s
Forced choice examine he chooses rating example one =strongly disagree seven=strongly agree
Dynamic assessment
Assumption that cognitive abilities and processes are modifiable
CAT
Computer adaptive testing
Computer adaptive testing
Measured with the same degree of reliability and does so in a way that it reduces time
Percentile rankings
Raw scores in terms of the percentage advantage of percentile ranks is that they are easy to interpret
Standard scores
Primary advantages they permit comparison of scores
Z-scores
Z= (X-M)/SD
Distribution of z-scores
The Mean of Z-score distribution =0
The SD of the distribution is = 1
All raw scores below the mean of distribution are negative Z-scores all raw scores above the mean are positive Z-scores
Z score distribution has the same shape as the raw score distribution transformation of raw scores to Z scores is a linear transformation
T scores distribution
Has a mean of 50 and
Deviation of 10
Deviation IQ’s
Have a mean of 100 and a
SD of 15
CEEB
College entrance examination board
CEEB
Have a mean of 500
Standard deviation of 100
Stanine scale
Range from 1 to 9
Mean = 5
SD=2
Examiner qualifications
Level A =Self Directed Seach (SDS)
Level B = Master
Level C = PHd
Reliability
Refers to the degree to which test scores are free from the effects of measurement error
Validity
Refers to the degree to which a test measures what it was designed to measure
True score component
Obtain score reflects his actual status
Measurement error
Random error
Measure of reliability
Provides us with an estimate of the proportion of variability in examinees obtain scores
Reliability coefficient
0.0 to +1
0.0 means attributed to measurement Error
+1 indicates that all variability in scores reflect the true score variability
Example of a reliability coefficient
Reliability coefficient of .84 indicates that 84% of variability in scores is due to a true score differences among examine me while the remaining 16% is due to measurement error
Reliability and validity
Reliability always places a ceiling on its validity
Test retest reliability
Measuring reliability by administering the same test to the same group on two different occasions