Assessment Flashcards
Formal assessment
Do you still psychological test to gather information
Informal assessment procedures
Include interviews and observation as well as informal Instruments such as inventories rating skills checklist
Selecting assessment strategies steps
Whiston
Step one determine information
Step to analyze strategies for obtaining information
Step three search assessment resources to select possible strategies Step four evaluate possible assessment strategies
Clients readiness for change using Prochaska & DiClemente’s
Precontemplation Contemplation Determination Action Maintenance
Actuarial Preditions
Statistical predictions empirically validated relationships between test results and interior and make you so multiple regression equation
Clinical Prediction
Predictions are made on the decision-makers intuition experience knowledge
Malingering
Faking bad
Acculturation
Refers to the degree in which a member of culturally diverse group accept and adheres to the value his group and the majority
Individualism
Centers on the personal Control with the worldview emphasizing personal concepts over her family life
Collectivism
Worldview assumed that group connect and mutually obligate individuals; one aspects for and is subordinate to the larger social context family life over self concept
Initial intake interviews procedure
Gathering information
Defining the problem
Establishing the therapeutic relationship
Skills and technique for a sound interview
Building rapport
Using encouragers
Prompts for further questions
Clarification
Response to bacon unclear client message
Paraphrase
Paraphrase emphasizes the literal meaning of the clients message content rather than affect
Reflection
emphasis on the part of the message that is most helpful includes reflection of content or reflection of feeling
Reflecting content
you consider what elements a clients message are most likely to promote achievement of the interview goals
Reflection of feeling
Expresses the emotional component of the clients message
Summarization
Tied together related elements that occur at different times pull elements together
Exploring silences
Important for you to explore and discover the meaning
assess the meaning and the function of silence
sometimes no response to silence is appropriate
Empathetic communication
Recognition of the clients feeling demonstrate empathy involving more than just
recognizing clients feelings also involves those feelings and verbal and nonverbal ways
Reciprocal
accurately reflects the factual aspects of the clients message
Additive
Reflects the full range of content and feeling
Counselor self-disclosure
Statements you make to client refill some of your own thoughts feelings or life experience helps the client feel comfortable
Rappot
Characterized by a sense of trust
Interviewing children
Primarily use open ended questions avoid leading questions
DIS
Diagnostic interview schedule
Structured diagnostic interviews
Clinical judgment please little or no role
Examples of structure diagnostic interviews
Diagnostic interview schedule diagnostic interview schedule for children
psychiatry research interview for substance and mental disorder personalities disorder examination anxiety disorder interview schedule fourth edition
psychopathy checklist
structured interview for reported symptom
psychosocial pain inventories
Comprehensive drink your profile
Eating disorder examination
Substance use disorder diagnostic schedule
DISC
Diagnostic interview schedule for children
PRISM
psychiatry research interview for substance and mental disorder
PDE
personalities disorder examination
ADIS IV
anxiety disorder interview schedule fourth edition
PLC
psychopathy checklist
SIRS
structured interview for reported symptom
PSPI
psychosocial pain inventories
CDP
Comprehensive drinker profile
EDE
Eating disorder examination
SUDDS
Substance use disorder diagnostic schedule
Other tools used in initial assessments
Checkless
rating scales
Disorders of the endocrine system
Hyperthyroidism
hypoglycemia
Diabetes mellitus
Measures of central tendency
Mode
median
mean
Measures of variability
Range
Variance
Standard deviation
Range
Calculated by subtracting lowest score from highest score in distribution
Variance
Mean square includes all the scores in the distribution rather than just the highest and lowest calculation required squaring each deviation score
Standard deviation
Calculated by taking the square root of the variance
Speed test
Contain items that are so easy that all examinees could answer all the answers correctly if given enough time
Power tests
Are made up of items a very difficulty levels reflects the level of difficulty mastered
Forced choice formats and Likert scale’s
Forced choice format with examinee choosing the rating example 1 through 10
Likert scale’s
Forced choice examine he chooses rating example one =strongly disagree seven=strongly agree
Dynamic assessment
Assumption that cognitive abilities and processes are modifiable
CAT
Computer adaptive testing
Computer adaptive testing
Measured with the same degree of reliability and does so in a way that it reduces time
Percentile rankings
Raw scores in terms of the percentage advantage of percentile ranks is that they are easy to interpret
Standard scores
Primary advantages they permit comparison of scores
Z-scores
Z= (X-M)/SD
Distribution of z-scores
The Mean of Z-score distribution =0
The SD of the distribution is = 1
All raw scores below the mean of distribution are negative Z-scores all raw scores above the mean are positive Z-scores
Z score distribution has the same shape as the raw score distribution transformation of raw scores to Z scores is a linear transformation
T scores distribution
Has a mean of 50 and
Deviation of 10
Deviation IQ’s
Have a mean of 100 and a
SD of 15
CEEB
College entrance examination board
CEEB
Have a mean of 500
Standard deviation of 100
Stanine scale
Range from 1 to 9
Mean = 5
SD=2
Examiner qualifications
Level A =Self Directed Seach (SDS)
Level B = Master
Level C = PHd
Reliability
Refers to the degree to which test scores are free from the effects of measurement error
Validity
Refers to the degree to which a test measures what it was designed to measure
True score component
Obtain score reflects his actual status
Measurement error
Random error
Measure of reliability
Provides us with an estimate of the proportion of variability in examinees obtain scores
Reliability coefficient
0.0 to +1
0.0 means attributed to measurement Error
+1 indicates that all variability in scores reflect the true score variability
Example of a reliability coefficient
Reliability coefficient of .84 indicates that 84% of variability in scores is due to a true score differences among examine me while the remaining 16% is due to measurement error
Reliability and validity
Reliability always places a ceiling on its validity
Test retest reliability
Measuring reliability by administering the same test to the same group on two different occasions
Alternate form reliability
To a club and forms of the test or administer for the same group of examinees and the two sets of scores are correlated
Internal consistency reliability
Split half reliability and coefficient alpha’s are two methods for evaluating internal consistency. Involved administering the test wants to a single group of examiners
Split half reliability
Test is split into two equal have so that each exam and he has two scores
Spearman brown prophecy formula
Provide estimate of what reliability coefficients he would have been if it had been based on the full length of the test
Cronbach’s coefficient alpha
Involves administering the one test to a single group of examinees then determining the average degree of consistency interpret coefficient alpha as if the average reliability would be obtained from the split test
Content validity
Test to determine examinees familiarity with a particular content
Construct validity
Test is administered to determine the extent to which an exam and he possesses a particular hypothetical trait
Criterion-related validity
The test is used to estimate or predict and examinees standing or performance on a criterion
EPPS
Edwards personal preference schedule
Distinguishes between 15 basic needs
16 PF
16 personality factor questionnaire
Cattel 16 primary personality traits
NEO-PI-3
NEO personality inventory – 3
costa McCrae
To assess the Big Five personality traits
Big five personality traits
Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Neuroticism Openness
MBTI
Myers-Briggs type indicator
Based in Carl Jung
Describes personality in terms of 4 bipolar dimensions
Myers Briggs
Describes personality in terms of 4 bipolar dimensions what are they?
Introversion extroversion
sensing intuitive
thinking feeling
judging perceiving
MCMI-III
Million clinical maxillary inventory -3
Used to assist in diagnosing from the DSM 5
Appropriate for individuals 18 and older
MACI
Millon adolescent clinical inventory
Appropriate for examinees ages 13 to 19
Rorschach ink blot
Administered in 2 stages
free association phase
Inquiry stage
TAT
Thematic apperception test
Based on Henry Murray
Make up a story about each Picture
Spearman’s two factor theory
Intelligence testing
Intelligence correlates to general intelligence factor performance on task which is unique to the task
Horn &; Cattell fluid and crystallized intelligence
Refers to acquired quired knowledge skills affected by education and culture
Carroll’s Three-Stratum Theory
Intelligence testing
Distinguishes between three levels of intelligence
Fluid intelligence
crystallized intelligence and
general memory
Guilford’s convergent and of thinking
Relies on rational logical reasoning
and
nonlogical processes require and creativity
Sternberg’s Triachic Theory
Define success is the ability to adapt to modifying to choose environments accomplish one’s goals
Gardners multiple intelligences
Do you have intelligence is too narrow theory of multiple intelligences
Gardeners eight intelligences
Linguistics music logical mathematics Spactial Bodily kinesthetic interpersonal intrapersonal naturalistic
Role of heredity
The greater the genetic similarity the higher the correlation between IQ scores
The role of environment
IQ scores have been linked to social economic status educational opportunities family environment and nutrition
Confluence model
There is a relationship between family size birth order and I Q I Q decreases from child that is firstborn
Flynn effect
IQ test scores consistently increase over the previous 70 years in the United States
The stability of intelligence over the lifespan
Fairly consistent after age about seven predictable changes in cognitive abilities occur in later adulthood
Fluid intelligence
Peaks in late adolescence and thereafter declines
Crystallized intelligence (IQ)
Increases until about age 60
Seattle longitudinal study
IQ
Found the IQ test scores increased until adolescence or early adulthood good but there after gradually declined
Civil rights act of 1964 title eight section 703H
It shall not be unlawful employment practices for an employer to give an act upon the results of any professionally developed ability test provided it is not discriminatory
Griggs versus Duke power company
ruled employment tests were discriminatory practices showing a disproportionate impact on black workers
Larry P versus Riles
court decided IQ tests were racially and culturally biased and have a discriminatory impact on black children
ADA
Americans with disabilities act
Americans with disabilities act
Prohibits discrimination against individuals with disability employment transportation communities public accommodations and governmental activities
WAIS-IV
IQ
Weschler adult intelligence scale-fourth edition
WAIS-IV examines secondary cognitive capacities which include
Working memory index (WMI)
Verbal comprehension index (VCI)
Processing speed index (PSI)
Perceptual reasoning index (PRI)
WISC-IV
IQ
The Weschler intelligence scale for children fourth edition
SB-5
IQ
Stanford-Binet intelligence scale fifth edition
Kaufman tests
IQ
Kaufman assessment battery for children
Kaufman brief intelligence test second edition
Kaufman adolescent and adult intelligence test
CAS
IQ
Cognitive assessment system
Slosson tests
IQ
Slosson intelligence test primary
Slosson intelligence test revised third edition for children and adults
WJ III COG
WJ III ACH
(IQ)
Woodcock – Johnson 3
Infant and preschool tests
Denver developmental screening test 2
Bayley scales of infant and toddler development 3
Fagan test of infinite intelligence
Measures for people with physical disabilities
Columbia mental maturity scale third edition
Peabody picture vocabulary test fourth edition
Haptic intelligence scale for the adult blind
Hiskey – Nebraska test for learning aptitude
Culture fair test
Ravens progressive matrices
Leiter international performance scale revised
Group intelligence test for schools and industry
Kuhlmann-Anderson test
Cognitive ability test (Cogat)
Wonderlic test
CBM
Curriculum based measurement
PBA
Performance-based assessment
Test for identifying learning disabilities
Illinois test of Psycholinguistic ability
Wide Range achievement test revision 4
Weschler’s individual achievement test third edition
ITPA – 3
learning disability
Illinois test of Psycholinguistic ability
WRAT – 4
learning disability
Wide Range achievement test revision 4
WIAT – III
learning disability
Weschler’s individual achievement test third edition
Admission test
Scholastic assessment test SAT
Graduate record exam GRE
Aptitude tests
Defined as measures of innate capacity or potential for learning specific skills
Achievement tests
Measure of knowledge or behavior acquired in a classroom other controlled setting
DAT
Differential aptitude tests
Job-related abilities
GATB
General aptitude test battery
Purpose of vocational counseling and job placement for high school seniors and adults
Occupational test of specific aptitudes
Psychomotor tests
Mechanical aptitude test
Interest inventories
General occupational themes (GOT) Basic interest scales (BIS) Occupational scales (OS) Personal style scales (PSS) Administrative Indices
GOT
General occupational themes (GOT)
BIS
Basic interest scales (BIS)
OS
Occupational scales (OS)
PSS
Personal style scales (PSS)
Administrative Indices
Provides information on the types and consistency of responses made by an example
Kuder Tests
The Kuder preference record - Vocational
The Kuder Occupational interest survey
KPR – V
The Kuder preference record - Vocational
KOIS
The Kuder Occupational interest survey for high school
Neuropsychological assessment batteries
Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological battery
Luria – Nebraska neuropsychological battery
Individual Neuropsychological tests
Bender visual motor Gestalt test Benton visual retention test Beery-Butkenica developmental test of visual – motor integration Wisconsin card sorting test Stroop color – word association test Tower of London Wesley's memory scale-4 Glasgow coma scale Mini mental State exam
Assessment of intellectual disability
Vineland adaptive behavior scale’s second edition
AAMR Adaptive behavior scales
Commonly used aptitude tests
Armed services vocational aptitude battery
Flannigan aptitude classification test
Inventory of work related abilities
Modern occupational skills test second edition
O*Net ability profiler
Valpar’s Pro3000 assessment system
ASVAB
Aptitude
Armed services vocational aptitude battery
FACT
Aptitude
Flannigan aptitude classification test
IWRA
Aptitude
Inventory of work related abilities
MOST – 2
Aptitude
Modern occupational skills test second edition
Aptitude testing of clients with disability
AVIATOR 3
SkillTRAN
THE TALENT ASSESSMENT PROGRAM
Achievement tests
Basic achievement skills individual screener
Basic achievement skills inventory
Kaufman test of educational achievement second addition
Peabody individual achievement test revised normative update
Stanford achievement test 10th edition
Test for adult basic education
BASIS
Basic achievement skills individual screener
BASI
Aptitude
Basic achievement skills inventory
KTEA-II
Aptitude
Kaufman test of educational achievement second addition
PIAT-R/NU
Aptitude
Peabody individual achievement test revised normative update
STAT
Aptitude
Stanford achievement test 10th edition
TABE
Aptitude
Test for adult basic education
Commonly used personality measures
Adult personality inventory California psychological inventory Gordon personal profile inventory Keirsey temperament sorter 2 PeopleMapper Work adjustment inventory
API
Personality
Adult personality inventory
CPI
Personality
California psychological inventory
GPP-I
Personality
Gordon personal profile inventory
KTS-II
Personality
Keirsey temperament sorter 2
WAI
Personality
Work adjustment inventory
Web based personality instruments
Clifton strengths Finder
INSIGHT inventory
Commonly used interest inventories
Campbell interest and skill survey Career assessment inventory Career decision-making revised Career directions inventory Career interest inventory Jackson vocational interest survey Occupational aptitude survey and interest schedule third edition O*Net career interest inventory Vocational preference inventory Ashland interest assessment Pictorial inventory of careers Wide Range interest and occupation test 2nd edition
CAI
Interest inventory
Career assessment inventory
CDM-R
Interest inventory
Career decision-making revised
CDI
Interest inventory
Career directions inventory
CIIS
Interest inventory
Campbell interest and skill survey
CII
Interest inventory
Career interest inventory
JVIS
Interest inventory
Jackson vocational interest survey
OASIS-3
Interest inventory
Occupational aptitude survey and interest schedule third edition
O*Net career interest inventory
Interest inventory
Assesses strength according to Hollands RIASEC types
VPI
Interest inventory
Vocational preference inventory
AIA
Interest inventory
Ashland interest assessment
PIC
Interest inventory
Pictorial inventory of careers
WRIOT-II
Interest inventory
Wide Range interest and occupation test 2nd edition
Other interests inventories
Career exploration inventory
California occupational preference survey
COIN career targets
Interest determination exploration and assessment system
Examples of career decision inventory and career maturity measures
My vocational situation Adult career concerns inventory Career believe inventory Career decision making difficulties questionnaire Career decision profile Career decisions Scale Career decision self efficacy scale Career development inventory – college and high school edition Career maturity inventory revised Career thoughts inventory Career transitions inventory Coping with career indecision
Life career assessment LCA
Emphasizes clients own perception of themselves life career things used to describe individuals consistent way of negotiating the world