Assessment 1: Class 1 Flashcards
What is cancer?
Good cells → Gone bad
Hallmark 1
Unregulated cell division → ↑ cell cycle and ↑ energy use
Hallmark 2
Ignore stop signals → Insensitive to stop signals
Hallmark 3
Lack of apoptosis → Cell Death
Hallmark 4
Genetically Immortal → chromosomes “grow”
Hallmark 5
Angiogenesis → Get new blood vessels
Hallmark 6
Metastatic → Grow Elsewhere
Hypertrophy
Big Cell, reverses
Hyperplasia
More cells, reverses
Dysplasia
Disorganized growth
Neoplasia
More cells, disorganized
Pattern Grown (Benign)
Local
Pattern Grown (Malignant)
Spreads to other tissues
Growth Rate (Benign)
Slower
Growth Rate (Malignant)
Faster
Differentiation (Benign)
Well
Differentiation (Malignant)
Variable
Tumor Boundary (Benign)
Well-defined
Tumor Boundary (Malignant)
Poorly-defined
Nucleus/Cytoplasm Ratio (Benign)
Low
Nucleus/Cytoplasm Ratio (Malignant)
High
Mitotic Index (Benign)
Lower
Mitotic Index (Malignant)
Higher
Name (Benign)
-oma