Assessing Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
How many bones make up body
206
How many skeletal muscle is composed and what are they made of
650 and fasciculi
moving away from midline of the
body.
Abduction
moving away from midline of the
body.
Adduction
Circular motion
Circumduction
Moving inward
Inversion
articulation between the temporal bone and mandible.
Temporomndibular
junction between the manubrium of the sternum and the clavicle; has no obvious movements.
Sternoclavicular
passive contraction known as residual muscle tension resulting from the muscles continuous work to maintain posture.
Tonicity
Light tapping over irritated median nerve
Tinel’s sign
Test for carpal tunnel syndrome (positive tinel’s sign)
Called carpal compression
Durkan test
Assessment procedure
- posture and gait
-TMJ (put fingers at external ear) - Sternoclavicular joint (palpation of clavicle)
- Cervical thoracic and lumbar spine (observe and palpate for pain, test ROM neck)
- shoulder arms and elbow (inspect and palpate)
- Wrist hands fingers
- hips
- Knees ankles and feet
Special test for neck
Dekleyn test
Spurlin’s
Elvey’s test
Lumbar abnormalities
Kyphosis
Scoliosis
Lordosis
Normal degrees for shoulders
180 degrees of forward flexion
50 degrees of hyperextension
50 degrees of adduction
180 degrees of external
90 degrees of internal rotation
Client can flex, extend, adduct, abduct, rotate, and shrug shoulders against resistance.
Shoulder abnormalities
Rotator cuff tear – painful and limited
abduction accompanied by muscle weakness
and atrophy.
Rotator cuff tendinitis – sharp catches of
pain when bringing hands overhead.
Calcified tendinitis – chronic pain and
severe limitation of all shoulder motions.
Lesions of CN XI (Spinal Accessory) – inability to shrug shoulders.
Normal elbow ROM
Normal:
160 degrees of flexion
180 degrees of extension
90 degrees of pronation
90 degrees of supination
ask the client to place the backs of both hands against each other while flexing the wrists 90 degrees with fingers pointing downward and wrist dangling. Hold for 60 secs. (+) tingling, numbness, burning, or pain = Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS).
Phalen’s test
Finger abnormalities
Acute Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) – swollen, stiff, tender finger joints.
Osteoarthritis (OA) – hard, painless, nodules – distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP).
Boutonniere deformity – PIP joint is flexed while DIP joint is hyperextended.
Swan-neck deformity – PIP joint hyperextension and flexion of DIP joint.
Heberden’s node – small, pea-sized bony growths on DIP; symptom of OA.
Bouchard’s node – small, bony growths on middle joint of finger; damage to cartilage or joint.
inability to extend the ring and little fingers.
Dupuytren contracture
painful extension of a finger
(infection of flexor tendon sheathes).
Tenosynovitis
Abnormalities of knees
Genu valgum – knees turn with knock knees.
Genu varum – bowed leg.
Synovitis – tenderness and warmth with
boggy consistency.
Atrophy – asymmetric muscular
development in the quadriceps.
perform if swelling is present; might
be due to accumulation of fluid or soft tissue
swelling.
Bulge test
patellar tap test that detects
large amount of fluid in the knee.
Ballottement test
if client complains of
giving in or locking of the knee. (+) pain or clicking indicative of torn meniscus of the knee.
McMurray test
high arch of feet
Pes cavus
Flat foot
Pes planus
