Assessing Head And Neck Flashcards
two paired muscles that allow movement and provide support to the head and neck.
Sternocleidomastoid - rotates and flexes head
trapezius - extends head and moves shoulder
Blood vessels
Internal and external jugular veins
Carotid arteries
attached to the tongue; lies above the thyroid cartilage and under the mandible.
Hyoid bone
attached to the tongue; lies above the thyroid cartilage and under the mandible.
Adam’s apple
first upper tracheal ring that has a small notch.
Cricoid cartilage
air passage composed of C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings.
Trachea
filter lymph to remove bacteria and tumor cells
Lymph nodes
What do lymph nodes produce as a defense against invasion of foreign substances
Lymphocytes and antibodies
a clear substance composed of mostly
excess tissue fluid.
Lymph
Infection of nodes
Mononucleosis
Inspection of Head Normal and Abnormal Findings
Normal Findings:
Normocephalic: symmetric round erect in midline and no visible lesions
Abnormal Findings
Microcephaly: abnormal SMALL head for age
Acromegaly: Skull and Facial bones are LARGER and THICKER; endocrine problem; excessive GH
Paget’s Disease - acorn shaped, enlarged skull
Head bobbing or nodding - involuntary head movement; aortic insufficiency
Face Abnormal findings
Stroke - facial asymmetry; drooping of eyelid or nasolabial folds; one side body weakness
Bell’s Palsy - Drooping, weakness, paralysis on one side of face; FN 9
Neck inspection
Position, symmetry, lumps or masses
Inspect C7
Assess ROM
Swallow and observe
What to palpate for head and neck
- temporal artery
- TMJ
- Trachea
- Thyroid Gland
- Lymph nodes of neck
When to auscultate thyroid
- when there is enlarged thyroid gland
- place bell of stet over lateral lobes of ear
Hyperthyroidism - presence of bruits - soft, blowing, swishing sounds over lobes
fat accumulation around the cervical vertebrae (especially in women).
Dowager’s hump
Onset: Cold or acute sinusitis or acute febrile illness with purulent discharge from nose
Location: Occur in one area of the face or along eyebrow ridge and below the cheekbone
Severity: Moderate to severe Duration: Lasts until condition is improved
Pattern: Worse with sudden movements of the head
Sinus Head Ache
Common head and neck nodes
Post and Pre auricular nodes
Posterior, deep, anterior cervical nodes
Supraclavicular nodes
Facial nodes
Submental nodes
Submandibular nodes
