Assessing Head And Neck

Question 1

two paired muscles that allow movement and provide support to the head and neck.

Answer 1

Sternocleidomastoid - rotates and flexes head
trapezius - extends head and moves shoulder

Question 2

Blood vessels

Answer 2

Internal and external jugular veins
Carotid arteries

Question 3

attached to the tongue; lies above the thyroid cartilage and under the mandible.

Answer 3

Hyoid bone

Question 4

attached to the tongue; lies above the thyroid cartilage and under the mandible.

Answer 4

Adam’s apple

Question 5

first upper tracheal ring that has a small notch.

Answer 5

Cricoid cartilage

Question 6

air passage composed of C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings.

Answer 6

Trachea

Question 7

filter lymph to remove bacteria and tumor cells

Answer 7

Lymph nodes

Question 8

What do lymph nodes produce as a defense against invasion of foreign substances

Answer 8

Lymphocytes and antibodies

Question 9

a clear substance composed of mostly
excess tissue fluid.

Answer 9

Lymph

Question 10

Infection of nodes

Answer 10

Mononucleosis

Question 11

Inspection of Head Normal and Abnormal Findings

Answer 11

Normal Findings:
Normocephalic: symmetric round erect in midline and no visible lesions

Abnormal Findings
Microcephaly: abnormal SMALL head for age
Acromegaly: Skull and Facial bones are LARGER and THICKER; endocrine problem; excessive GH
Paget’s Disease - acorn shaped, enlarged skull
Head bobbing or nodding - involuntary head movement; aortic insufficiency

Question 12

Face Abnormal findings

Answer 12

Stroke - facial asymmetry; drooping of eyelid or nasolabial folds; one side body weakness

Bell’s Palsy - Drooping, weakness, paralysis on one side of face; FN 9

Question 13

Neck inspection

Answer 13

Position, symmetry, lumps or masses
Inspect C7
Assess ROM
Swallow and observe

Question 14

What to palpate for head and neck

Answer 14

• temporal artery
• TMJ
• Trachea
• Thyroid Gland
• Lymph nodes of neck

Question 15

When to auscultate thyroid

Answer 15

• when there is enlarged thyroid gland
• place bell of stet over lateral lobes of ear

Hyperthyroidism - presence of bruits - soft, blowing, swishing sounds over lobes

Question 16

fat accumulation around the cervical vertebrae (especially in women).

Answer 16

Dowager’s hump

Question 17

Onset: Cold or acute sinusitis or acute febrile illness with purulent discharge from nose
Location: Occur in one area of the face or along eyebrow ridge and below the cheekbone
Severity: Moderate to severe Duration: Lasts until condition is improved
Pattern: Worse with sudden movements of the head

Answer 17

Sinus Head Ache

Question 18

Common head and neck nodes

Answer 18

Post and Pre auricular nodes
Posterior, deep, anterior cervical nodes
Supraclavicular nodes
Facial nodes
Submental nodes
Submandibular nodes