Assessing Language Flashcards
Steps to assess include:
review medical records pt and family interview bedside screening (if appropriate) Standardized testing Informal Assessment Testing should be individualized
Comprehensive Tests
MTDD
PICA
BDAE
WAB
How to assess Auditory Comprehension
all comprehensive test asses auditory comprehension
Single Word Comprehension
Variables that may affect brain -injured adults’ single word comprehension (5)
frequency of occurrence
semantic or acoustic similarity between words
part of speech
referent ambiguity-if pictures used are ambiguous and pts may not be able to figure out what it is
fidelity-how easy it is to hear spoken language
How to assess Sentence Auditory Comprehension
Included in all language test for aphasia. usually require pt to follow a command and can also be yes/no questions
Token Test
Variables that may affect brain-injured adults sentence comprehension (12)
length and complexity of sentence active sentences easier than passive negative sentences are difficult embedded clauses are difficult reversibility and plausibility Predictability- when the expectations aren't followed Personal relevance Semantic variables Reasoning and inferences are difficult Rate Redundancy # of response choices and their similarity
How to assess Comprehension of Spoken Discourse
Test batteries may assess by having clinician read outloud a paragraph and then ask questions about it
Discourse Comprehension Test
Variables that may affect a brain-injured adults’ spoken discourse comprehension (7)
Salience- do the main ideas stand out Directness- more direct info as opposed to inferred info Redundancy Cohesion and coherence Speech rate Empathetic Stress
Cohesion and coherence
Cohesion- degree to which semantic units related to each other
Coherence- overall unity of discourse
How to Assess Reading
All standardized test assess reading in various ways
visual matching
oral reading of printed words/sentences
match printed words to pictures/objects
How to assess Comprehension of Printed Sentences
may be a yes/no questions
sentence completion tasks
instructions for doing something
How to assess Comprehension of Printed Texts
assessed through the pt reading a paragraph and selecting phrases to complete it.
Free-standing test of reading comprehension
- Reading Comprehension Battery for Aphasia
- Reading tests for Non-Brain-Injured Adults and Children **clinician may want to use reading test that weren’t developed for brain -injured to get more information
Assessing Reading and Rate and Capacity
Reading test usually have a time limit and norms. Reading rate gives information as to how much the pt can read and understand under normal time constraints and allows comparison to normal readers
How to measure Competent Skills
symbol to sound correspondence, following directions, getting main ideas
Variables affecting a reading test format
tests with answer sheets in which you have to remember the # and put it on another sheet are difficult
How to assess Speech Production
done in all standardized tests
recitations, rhymes and automated sequences
sentence completion
speech repetition
How to Assess Naming
Assessed in all standardized tests
confrontational naming
response naming
generative (category) naming
Free standing tests of naming
Word Fluency Naming
Boston Naming Test
Variables that affect Naming
Frequency of Occurrence Length and Phonologic Complexity Semantic categories Form of visual stimuli tactile information context
Assessing sentence production
assessed in all standardized tests in various ways
word definition
make a sentence from a word
expressing idea
Free standing tests of sentence production
Reporter’s Test-clinician manipulates a token and patient describes what is being done
Assessing Discourse Production
tested in most batteries by
picture description
story retelling
interviews and conversations
Free Standing Procedures for Assessing Discourse Production
Yorkston & Beukelman- measure content units (elements of information) per minute in describing cookie theft picture
Nicholas & Brookshire- used words per minute, correct information units per minute and percent words to discriminate aphasic adults from non-aphasic adults
Speech Fluency is most useful for…
is the most useful measure in classifying aphasia patients
fluency vs nonfluency
Assessing Intelligibility
Assessing Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech if needed, otherwise a clinician can tell from observation
Free standing test of written expression for brain injured adults
there are no standardized tests
What are 4 ways that writing is assessed?
generating automized sequences
copying
writing to dictation
writing self formulated material
What determines fluency vs nonfluency
determined by speech tempo (words per minute) and MLU
