Assess ethics, cardiovascular, respiratory, vital signs, and medical emergencies Flashcards
- Which of the following statements is true?
A. Our personal morals impact our professional performance.
B. Our personal morals may negatively impact our professional performance.
C. Our personal morals should always impact our professional performance as professionals.
D. All of the above are true.
E. A and B only.
E
- _____________ are written instructions about healthcare decision, should a person be unable to make them.
Advance directives
- This is a set of rules about good and bad behavior published by healthcare professional associations for their members.
Code of ethics
- This advance directive includes all healthcare decisions and names a healthcare proxy. It can also include healthcare wishes.
Medical durable power of attorney
- Which ethical principle obligates healthcare professionals to not inflict intentional harm to patients?
Nonmaleficence
- How can a medical assistant maintain his or her own dignity and self-respect?
Help to make others around you look good without minimizing yourself.
Refrain from being negative and whining.
Be assertive, not aggressive, when standing up for your rights.
Avoid bringing personal issues into the workplace.
- A medical assistant provides equal respect and courtesy to all people. What ethical principle is the medical assistant demonstrating?
Justice
- What are the goals of hospice care?
Provide dignity, comfort, and peace to dying patients
- Palliative means to help relieve the symptoms of a serious illness.
t/f
true
- Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right side of the heart to the lungs in which type of circulation?
Pulmonary
- Which type of circulation begins with blood being pumped out of the left side of the heart?
Systemic
- What is true regarding peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
A. Plaque builds up in the large arteries of the legs, arms, and pelvis.
B. Signs and symptoms include numbness and pain.
C. Can cause life-threatening infections.
Plaque builds up in the large arteries of the legs, arms, and pelvis.
Signs and symptoms include numbness and pain. Can cause life-threatening infections.
- What condition occurs when there is a decrease in blood pressure within three minutes of standing up?
Orthostatic hypotension
- An upper chamber of the heart is the
atrium.
- A lower chamber of the heart is the
ventricle.
- Deoxygenated blood travels to the lungs through the
pulmonary arteries.
- Blood returns from the head, neck, and upper extremities through the
superior vena cava
- The valve between the right atrium and ventricle of the heart is the
tricuspid valve.
- The valve between the left atrium and lower ventricle of the heart is the
mitral valve (aka Bicuspid Valve).
- An abnormally rapid heartbeat is
tachycardia.
- The contractive phase of the heartbeat is
systole
- The relaxation phase of the heartbeat is
diastole.
- The natural pacemaker of the heart is the
sinoatrial node (SA node)
- An abnormal heartbeat is a/an
arrythmia
- The process of recording the electrical activity of the heart is
electrocardiography
- An abnormally slow heartbeat is
bradycardia
- Breathlessness is
SOB
- Fainting is
Syncope
- Bluish discoloration of the skin, lips, and nail beds is
cyanosis
- ___________ is the inability of the heart muscle to pump blood efficiently and blood backs up behind the failing pump.
Congestive heart failure
- Bulging of the arterial wall that can burst, causing bleeding and possible death is
aneurysm
- A condition in which plaque or atheromas build up in the arteries is
atherosclerosis
- The _________ are the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.
pulmonary veins
- Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Left atrium
- Blood vessels branching from the aorta to carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle are called
coronary arteries
- Difficulty breathing is called
dyspnea
- Swelling is called
edema
- Low blood pressure is called
hypotension
- The term for chest pain is
angina
- What is the waste product from the cells that is carried away by the blood?
carbon dioxide
- The process of oxygen moving from the atmosphere into the alveoli is called
inspiration
- The __________ closes off the trachea during swallowing so that food goes into the esophagus.
epiglottis
- An air sac at the end of a bronchiole is a(n)
alveolus
- A condition of abnormally slow breathing is
bradypnea
- What condition describes difficulty breathing unless in an upright position?
orthopnea
- The process of breathing out is
exhalation
- What inherited disorder causes mucus to build up in the lungs, pancreas, and other organs and increases the person’s risk of infection?
cystic fibrosis
- An acute, infectious disease of the respiratory tract caused by a virus is
influenza
- An inflammation of the bronchi that can be acute or chronic is
bronchitis
- Accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue is
pulmonary edema
- Discharge from the nose is called
rhinorrhea
- Mucus coughed up from the lungs is called
sputum
- Inflammation of the sinuses is called
sinusitis
- Abnormally increased breathing is called
hyperventilation
- Which respiratory action is initiated by a signal from the medulla oblongata?
inspiration
- A patient suspected of having cancer of the lung shows what symptom(s)?
Worsening cough with hemoptysis,
Chest pain, Fatigue and weight loss
- Which of the following characteristics best describes the right lung?
divided into three lobes
- What can cause pneumonia?
Streptococcus, Influenza, Mycoplasmas, Fungi
- Individuals who consistently test positive on TB skin screening tests but are asymptomatic and not infectious are in which stage of TB?
Latent TB
- An exchange of gases between the cells and blood is
internal respiration
- A noninvasive method of monitoring the oxygen saturation level in the blood is
pulse oximetry
- How long should the pulse be counted for the most accurate results?
1 minute
- How long should the pulse be counted for the most accurate results?
1 min/ 60 seconds
- Which of the following pulses is auscultated with a stethoscope?
apical
- Which of the following pulses is palpated on the wrist?
radial
- Which of the following pulses is palpated in the neck?
carotid
- Which of the following pulses is palpated in the antecubital space?
brachial
- As a blood pressure cuff is deflated, the last tapping sound heard is the __________ pressure.
diastolic
- The stethoscope typically is placed over which artery when the BP is taken?
brachial
- The stethoscope typically is placed over which artery when the BP is taken?
sphygmomanometer
- If a patient has chills and is shivering, what would you expect the body temperature to be?
increased
- What would be considered a normal pulse for an average-sized 37-year-old patient in good health?
74 beats per minute
- If a patient is anxious, the medical assistant would expect the pulse to be
increased
- The process the body uses to obtain or make energy from the food eaten is called
metabolism
- The medical term for an oral temperature above 99.5°F is
pyrexia
- Difficulty with breathing when lying down and is easier when sitting or standing is called
orthopnea
- Which factors affects body temperature?
age, stress and physical activity, gender, time of day
- If the initial blood pressure taken by the medical assistant is 140/90, a second blood pressure should be taken no sooner than 5 minutes later. T/F
true
- What are the seven steps to obtaining an accurate blood pressure?
A. Use the restroom before taking your reading
B. Confirm back and feet are supported
C. Make sure legs are uncrossed.
D. Keep your arms at heart level and supported
E. Use the right size cuff
F. Place the cuff on bare arm
G. Limit any talking or media during the reading.
A. Use the restroom before taking your reading
B. Confirm back and feet are supported
C. Make sure legs are uncrossed.
D. Keep your arms at heart level and supported
E. Use the right size cuff
F. Place the cuff on bare arm
G. Limit any talking or media during the reading.
- This medication is an antihistamine and used with allergic reactions.
Diphenhydramine (Bendadryl)
- This medication increases the stimulation of the heart muscle. It is also a vasoconstrictor and a bronchial relaxant. It is used for anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, and severe asthma.
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
- What is true regarding an automated external defibrillator?81. What is true regarding an automated external defibrillator?81. What is true regarding an automated external defibrillator?
A portable lightweight machine. Sticky pads must be used on the chest. The AED will check the heart rate to determine if a shock is required. If a shock is required, the AED will give audible directions to the user to administer the shock.
- What is a risk factor for heat-related conditions?
The elderly
Poor blood circulation
Drinking alcohol
Taking a diuretic for hypertension
- What can cause burns to the body?
Heat and freezing cold temperatures
Chemicals
Sunlight
Radiation
- What is done in the ambulatory care center when a patient is having anaphylaxis?
The medical assistant should notify the provider immediately.
Epinephrine is given.
Oxygen is applied to the patient.
- What is true regarding epinephrine?
Epinephrine given IM in the vastus lateralis absorbs quicker than if given in the deltoid.
- A patient calls and states he was bit by a spider. What screening questions would be asked?
What bit you?
How does the wound look?
Any problems breathing?
Any swelling in the mouth or lips?
- What should a medical assistant do for first aid procedures for a patient who is having a seizure?
Move the patient to the floor.
Place the patient in the recovery position.
Monitor the person’s breathing and pulse.
Provide CPR if needed.
- What is a symptom of a cerebrovascular accident?
Confusion or mental changes
Speech difficulty
Numbness of the face, arm, or leg
Problem seeing
- What is part of the first aid measures for shock?
Monitor airway, breathing, and pulse.
Call 911 immediately.
If no head, neck, or back injuries, raise the legs 12 inches.
Monitor vital signs.
- If the provider suspects a patient is having an MI, what is usually ordered?
One aspirin chewed
Nitroglycerin sublingual
Call 911
ECG and apply oxygen
- What is not a symptom of MIs?
B. Leg and groin pain
