Aspects of the Forces Flashcards
1
Q
EM Force (Boson, Mass, Charge, Interaction, Conservation)
A
- Boson: Photon γ
- 0 Rest mass
- 0 Charge
- Doesn’t interact with other photons
- Conserves all quantum numbers
2
Q
EM Force Range
A
- Infinite Range
- F ~ α/r^2
- α is strength of force
- α ~ 1/137
3
Q
Weak Force Range
A
- F = (α/r^2) e^(Mr/ћc)
- α ~ 1/5
- Exponential term is why the force is weak
- Range ~ 10^-18
4
Q
Weak Force CCWI (Boson, Interactions)
A
- Boson: W±
- Only boson that can change flavour
- Can interact with other Z and W bosons
5
Q
WW NCWI (Boson, Interactions)
A
- Boson: Z0
- Can interact with other Z and W bosons
6
Q
Strong Force (Boson, Mass, Colour, Conservation)
A
- Boson: Gluon g
- 0 Rest mass
- Bi-Coloured to conserve colour
- Cannot be white/colourless
- Conserves all quantum numbers
7
Q
Strong Force Range
A
- F = α/r^2 - k
- α is strength of force
- α ~ 1
- K is a constant so at Large R, F = -k
8
Q
Hadronisation
A
- To separate 2 quarks, you put energy in
- Energy is put in using gluons
- Gluons will create 2 new quarks
- You end up with 2 mesons
9
Q
Principle of Confinement
A
- You can not isolate a single quark or gluon
- Quarks are confined in hadrons
