Asha's head + neck anatomy

Question 1

What is the clinical importance of emissary veins?

Answer 1

They have no valves so infection can spread from the scalp into the cranial cavity

Question 2

What is the dermatomal innovation of C1

Answer 2

It does not have any

Question 3

What nerves form the brachial plexus

Answer 3

C5 - T1

Question 4

Which nerves supply the dermatomes of the face

Answer 4

Cr.N. V(trigeminal) supply the three dermotomes of the face.
Opthalmic division
Maxilliary division
Mandibular division

Question 5

What type of fibres do the branches of the trigeminal cranial nerve have?

Answer 5

Opthalmic(V1) - Sensory
Maxilliary(V2) - Sensory
Mandibular(V3) - Sensory + motor(to supply muscles of mastication)

Question 6

What is Cr. N. V and what autonomic innervation does it supply

Answer 6

Trigeminal, and none

Question 7

How does the head and neck region get sympathetic innervation?

Answer 7

Branches of the paravertebral sympathetic chain travel with blood vessels to supply the head and neck region

Question 8

Muscle around the eye

Answer 8

Orbicularis Oculi

Question 9

Muscle around the mouth

Answer 9

Orbicularis Oris

Question 10

Muscle covering forehead and extending to back of skull

Answer 10

Occipitofrontalis

Question 11

Muscle deep on lateral border of oral cavity, keeps cheeks away from teeth and aids in “blowing” action

Answer 11

Buccinator

Question 12

Name the muscles of facial expression

Answer 12

Orbicularis Oculi
Orbicularis Oris
Occupitofrontalis
Buccinator

Question 13

Which nerve innervates gives motor branches to the muscles of facial expression and what is its number

Answer 13

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 14

Where does the facial nerve arise from when emerging from the skull

Answer 14

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 15

Upon contraction of the sternocleidomastoid which way does the face:

a) Lateralflex
b) rotate

Answer 15

a) to the same side as the contracting muscle

b) to the opposite side of the contracting muscle

Question 16

What are the 3 main structures of the carotid sheath?

Answer 16

Carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve

Question 17

Where does the common carotid bifurcate?

Answer 17

At the upper border of thyroid cartilidge

Question 18

Where does the common carotid artery arise from?

Answer 18

On the right side - brachiocephalic artery, on the left side - directly from the arch of the aorta

Question 19

Where do the following veins run in relation to the sternocleidomastoid muscle:

a) Internal jugular vein
b) External jugular vein

Answer 19

a) deep and medial to

b) superficial and lateral to

Question 20

Name the suprahyoid muscles

Answer 20

Geniohyoid, Mylohyoid, Digastric, Stylohyoid

Question 21

Name the infrahyoid muscles

Answer 21

Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, Omohyoid, (Cricothyroid)

Question 22

The ventral rami from C1 - C5 form:

Answer 22

The cervical plexus

Question 23

Describe the veinous drainage of the thyroid gland in terms of the names of vessels and which main vessels they drain into

Answer 23

Superior thyroid vein and middle thyroid vein drain into the internal jugular vein.
The inferior thyroid vein drains directly into the brachiocephalic vein

Question 24

Describe the arterial supply of the thyroid in terms of the main vessels and where they branch from

Answer 24

Superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery
Inferior thyroid artery arises from the subclavian artery