Asha's head + neck anatomy Flashcards
What is the clinical importance of emissary veins?
They have no valves so infection can spread from the scalp into the cranial cavity
What is the dermatomal innovation of C1
It does not have any
What nerves form the brachial plexus
C5 - T1
Which nerves supply the dermatomes of the face
Cr.N. V(trigeminal) supply the three dermotomes of the face.
Opthalmic division
Maxilliary division
Mandibular division
What type of fibres do the branches of the trigeminal cranial nerve have?
Opthalmic(V1) - Sensory
Maxilliary(V2) - Sensory
Mandibular(V3) - Sensory + motor(to supply muscles of mastication)
What is Cr. N. V and what autonomic innervation does it supply
Trigeminal, and none
How does the head and neck region get sympathetic innervation?
Branches of the paravertebral sympathetic chain travel with blood vessels to supply the head and neck region
Muscle around the eye
Orbicularis Oculi
Muscle around the mouth
Orbicularis Oris
Muscle covering forehead and extending to back of skull
Occipitofrontalis
Muscle deep on lateral border of oral cavity, keeps cheeks away from teeth and aids in “blowing” action
Buccinator
Name the muscles of facial expression
Orbicularis Oculi
Orbicularis Oris
Occupitofrontalis
Buccinator
Which nerve innervates gives motor branches to the muscles of facial expression and what is its number
Facial nerve (VII)
Where does the facial nerve arise from when emerging from the skull
Stylomastoid foramen
Upon contraction of the sternocleidomastoid which way does the face:
a) Lateralflex
b) rotate
a) to the same side as the contracting muscle
b) to the opposite side of the contracting muscle
What are the 3 main structures of the carotid sheath?
Carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve
Where does the common carotid bifurcate?
At the upper border of thyroid cartilidge
Where does the common carotid artery arise from?
On the right side - brachiocephalic artery, on the left side - directly from the arch of the aorta
Where do the following veins run in relation to the sternocleidomastoid muscle:
a) Internal jugular vein
b) External jugular vein
a) deep and medial to
b) superficial and lateral to
Name the suprahyoid muscles
Geniohyoid, Mylohyoid, Digastric, Stylohyoid
Name the infrahyoid muscles
Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, Omohyoid, (Cricothyroid)
The ventral rami from C1 - C5 form:
The cervical plexus
Describe the veinous drainage of the thyroid gland in terms of the names of vessels and which main vessels they drain into
Superior thyroid vein and middle thyroid vein drain into the internal jugular vein.
The inferior thyroid vein drains directly into the brachiocephalic vein
Describe the arterial supply of the thyroid in terms of the main vessels and where they branch from
Superior thyroid artery arises from the external carotid artery
Inferior thyroid artery arises from the subclavian artery
