Asexual Reproduction Flashcards
What are the functions of plant roots?
Anchor plants, structural support, absorb nutrients, absorb water, food storage
In what region of roots is there little to no uptake? Moderate? Rapid?
Little to none - meristematic regions & mature roots
Moderate - cell elongation areas
Rapid - root hairs
What are root hairs and what are they used for?
Specialized single-celled epidermal mods.
Increase root surface area
What is a taproot and what are the pros and cons?
Radicle that became main root
Pros: deep anchor/water & nutrient storage
Cons: soil penetration, limited surface area
How are taproots different from fibrous roots?
Taproots - single thick root, deep anchor and access
Fibrous - thin branching roots, large surface area absorption
What is a hypocotyl?
Part of the seedlings stem that stores foods
How do tubers and tuberous roots differ?
Tubers are enlarged stems, tuberous roots are enlarged roots
What are adventitious roots?
Roots arising from parts other than roots
How do rhizomes and stolons differ?
Stolons are formed at leaf axils
What are the two bulb types and how do you tell the difference?
Tunicate - leaf base fully encases bulb
Scaly- leaf base doesn’t fully encase bulb
How can bulbs be differentiated from corms?
Corms don’t display rings when cut
Compare spurs, suckers, and watersprouts
Spur - stubby branches
Sucker - shoot from base of roots
Waterspouts - shoots from trunk or branches
What are the differences between spines, thorns, and prickles?
Spines - Modified leaves or stipules
Thorns - Modified branches
Prickles - Outgrowths from the epidermis or cortex
How does one divide plants? When should this occur?
Ensure 3-5 shoots, sizable roots, divide in proper seasons
When should spring and summer blooming perennials be divided?
4-6 weeks before ground freezes
