AS9 Flashcards
1
Q
Flow Charts
A
- Use different shapes to describe different programming structures, with arrows indicating the order of execution.
2
Q
Algorithm
A
- A series of steps that can be followed to solve a specific problem.
3
Q
Variables
A
- Named spaces in memory.
- Contain a single piece of data.
- The data type determines what data the variable can contain.
4
Q
Constant
A
- Will always contain the same value during execution.
5
Q
Identifiers
A
- A name given to any part of a program that can be named.
6
Q
Global Variable
A
- A variable that exists throughout the program execution.
- Can be written or read from any subroutine.
7
Q
Local Variable
A
- Only exists until the subroutine it was created in ends.
8
Q
Parameter Passing
A
- Items of data that are passed from one subroutine to another.
9
Q
Passing by Value
A
- A copy of the value is passed.
- The value is changed by the receiving subroutine, but remains the same in the original subroutine.
- In Python, immutable types are passed by value.
10
Q
Passing by Reference
A
- The actual variable is passed.
- Any changes to the variable will be read and used by both subroutines.
- In Python, mutable types are passed by reference.
11
Q
Sorting/Searching
A
SORTING:
- Placing data items into a specified order.
SEARCHING:
- Identifying whether a specified data item exists in a data structure and where it is located.
12
Q
Insertion Sort
A
- Takes each element in the data set and inserts it into the correct place within the already sorted values.
- Used for smaller data sets.
13
Q
Bubble Sort
A
- Comparing two adjacent values in the data set and swapping if necessary.
- Used for smaller data sets.
14
Q
Linear Search
A
- Starts at one end and works its way to the other.
- Each element is examined.
15
Q
Binary Search
A
- Will only work on sorted data.
- Begins in the middle, checks if the number is larger or smaller, discards appropriate side, reset.
16
Q
Sequence
A
- Lines executed one after another.
17
Q
Selection
A
- IF, SELECT, CASE and SWITCH.
- One path will be selected.
18
Q
Repetition
A
- WHILE, DO, LOOP and UNTIL.
- Code is executed more than once.
19
Q
Count
A
- Integer variables keep track of how many time a piece of code is repeated.
20
Q
Rogue Value
A
- An invalid value to indicate a special case.
- Often used to exit loop or end program.
21
Q
Compression
A
- Means making a file occupy less space on a disk, which is beneficial for storage requirements and transmission speed.
22
Q
Testing
A
- Selecting test data is essential to verifying a program is bug-free.
- Typical, boundary/extreme, invalid, erroneous.
