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Com Sci AS > AS11 > Flashcards

AS11 Flashcards

1
Q

Feasibility

A
  • Establishes whether or not a project can be completed given the scope laid out.
  • Is it worth it?
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2
Q

Economic Feasibility

A
  • Can the project pay for the hardware, liscences, human wages and running costs in the given budget?
  • What is the profit?
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3
Q

Time Feasibility

A
  • Will the project be done in time? (Risk of going over budget, making a negative impression)
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4
Q

Technical Feasibility

A
  • Can the project be done with the resources available?
  • Is the project doable with current accessible technology?
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5
Q

Political Feasibility

A
  • Does the project go against the beliefs of certain people?
  • Will the media report on it in a negative light?
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6
Q

Legal Feasibility

A
  • Does the project comply with the law?
  • Any chance of being sued?
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7
Q

Project Requirements Specification

A
  • Produced at the end of analysis.
  • Outline of how to create successful project.
  • Poorly defined = delays/increased costs.
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8
Q

Observation

A
  • Analysts shadow employees, see how the business works.
    ADVANTAGES:
  • Could pick up parts of system that are not obvious to customer.
  • Confirms information gathered through other methods.

DISADVANTAGES:
* - Some people may feel threatened/uncomfortable.
* No guarantee that some subtle system parts will show during observation.

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9
Q

Questionnaire

A
  • A set of questions about the system, normally given to staff.
    ADVANTAGES:
  • Can be given to big population.
  • Can get a large number of responses.

DISADVANTAGES:
- Hard to design.
- Requires system knowledge.
- Not all questionnaires sent out will be completed.

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10
Q

Existing Documentation

A
  • Analyst gathers documents relating to new system to infer what data will need to be stored.
    ADVANTAGES:
  • Analyst gains understanding.
  • Reliable documents.
  • Document trails help support the analyst’s picture of business processes.

DISADVANTAGES:
- Documents give limited view of system.
- Documents may contain sensitive information.

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11
Q

Interview

A
  • Analysts pick some key stakeholders and ask targeted questions about current system.
    ADVANTAGES:
  • Large amounts of information can be gathered.
  • Interviews produce detailed responses.

DISADVANTAGES:
- Time consuming.
- Interviewees may not be truthful. Reponses need to be verified.

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12
Q

Requirements

A
  • Help keep scope of project.
  • Developers can be paid based on requirements.
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13
Q

Types of Requirements

A
  • Interface (Where is user interaction?)
  • Functional (What will the system do?)
  • Performance (e.g. response times.)
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14
Q

Design

A
  • Hardware/software choices.
  • Data structure design.
  • Input/Output design.
  • Processing design.
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15
Q

Flowcharts/Data Flow Diagrams

A
  • Flowcharts represent an algorithm.
  • DFDs represent how a system will process information. (Multiple levels, distinction between internal/external parts)
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16
Q

Direct Changeover

A
  • Swaps over all data at once/Switches off one system entirely.
  • Only used when older system unavailable.
  • Cheap, no duplication.
  • Risky, have to transfer all data first.
17
Q

Phased Changeover

A
  • Old system active, new one phased in chunks at a time.
  • Used when a small company upgrading/implementing new system.
  • Less risk of system going down, staff introduced to new system in small stages.
  • Takes long time, difficult to integrate new system into old one.
18
Q

Pilot Changeover

A
  • New system tested in small numbers of areas before fully implemented.
  • Used by big brands.
  • Only small part of business affected, new system staff can train old system staff.
  • Extra work for IT staff, communication between systems harder.
19
Q

Parallel Changeover

A
  • Both systems used, once new system is stable, the old one is discarded.
  • Used when the system cannot afford to fail.
  • Less risky, less stress.
  • Time consuming, extra cost.
20
Q

White Box Testing

A
  • Structure is tested.
  • Knowledge of code required.
  • Several paths created by control statements. Each path tested.
  • Carried out by developers.
21
Q

Alpha Testing

A
  • Unstable preliminary build.
  • May not work.
  • Carried out by developer/team.
22
Q

Beta Testing

A
  • More stable than alpha builds.
  • Still contains some errors.
  • Carried out by customers in live models. Report faults.
23
Q

End User Testing

A
  • Final phase.
  • Uses real data.
  • Tested by customers. They ensure developer has met requirements.
24
Q

Adaptive maintenance

A
  • Companies fix bugs/add functionality to system.
  • Customers can implement basic models, then upgrade.
  • Helps businesses get running quickly.
25
Q

Corrective Maintenance

A
  • Fixes problems as they arrive so system matches specification.
  • Customers take out support contract that asks developer for this kind.
  • No functionality updates.
26
Q

Perfective Maintenance

A
  • Completely matches original system.
  • Improves on performance and functionality at request of users.
27
Q

Black Box Testing

A
  • No knowledge of code required.
  • Tester provides input, observes output. Identifies how system responds to certain inputs.
28
Q

User Documentation

A
  • For those who don’t understand complex technological ideas but work for the client/Employees that need training.
  • Allows novice users to interact with the system/Needed for training.
29
Q

Technical Documentation

A
  • For experienced users who have good understanding of technological concepts/Those who ensure system has been configured correctly and is running smoothly.
  • Needed to know how database was set up/what hardware is required. Allow for greater understanding of system.
30
Q

5 Features of User Documentation

A
  • Step by step getting started guide for main features.
  • Installation guide.
  • User guide.
  • Reference manual.
  • Error/Troubleshooting guide.
31
Q

5 Features of Technical Documentation

A
  • Diagrams used in analysis/design.
  • What data structure has been used.
  • Hardware/Software requirements.
  • Any relevant documents from design phase.
  • Algorithm designs - flowcharts.
32
Q

Full Backup

A
  • Copies all files/Provides complete set of the data.
  • Everything is backed up at once, files can be restored quickly.
  • Most files do not change/leads to redundancy, takes longer to carry out, security concerns.
33
Q

Differential Backup

A
  • Copies only files that have been changed since last full backup.
  • Faster than incremental/full, takes up less storage.
  • Requires more storage space, longer time needed to restore files than with incremental.
34
Q

Incremental Backup

A
  • Copies only files that have been changed since the last backup of any type.
  • Faster backup time, less storage required.
  • Recovery process takes longer, problems may occur if any backups corrupted.
35
Q

Disaster Recovery Plan

A
  • An organisaton stores all of its data in a data centre, including sensitive data.
  • A DRP is a document which details the steps that will be taken in the event of a man-made or natural disaster to protect/recover the data.

Com Sci AS (5 decks)

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