as2 chapter 1 Flashcards
what is designing about
solving problems
qualities of a designer
leading directing and being creative
what must a designer be able to do
respond to change; clients wishes, attitudes, social trends, advances in materials/ technology
what is the purpose of research
identify the need to assist in drawing up a specification
what is product analysis
analysing materials needed and how to assemble them
what is primary research
direct contact with experts/ people
3 examples of primary research
fieldwork
questionnaires
testing/ modelling
what is secondary research
articles- books, etc.
internet
data sheets
what is a design specification
outlines the design for the solution that needs to be met, used to review/ evaluate throughout the design process (point of reference). spec points must be measurable where possible
what 10 headings are used for a design spec
form, function, shape, user requirements, materials, components, size, safety, scale of prod, cost.
what is a engineering/ manufacturing spec
a speciation dealing with exact materials and processes, detailed working/ engineering drawings and tolerances
what is needed for the engineering/ manufacturing spec
all manufacturing decisions must be discussed/ agreed upon by the designer and manufacture. it must also include precise information (all aspects of manufacture)
4 methods for generating ideas
thought shower, lateral thinking, scamper, morphological analysis
thought shower definition
group technique used to come up with a large number of ideas, free discussion- no criticism- relaxed environment- express all ideas. strong leader needed with good communication.
inventor of lateral thinking and the year it was invented
Edward de bono 1967
lateral thinking definition
for generating ideas
4 main techniques used in lateral thinking
free your mind from your initial/ dominant thoughts, look for alternatives and look at things differently, escape vertical logic- don’t worry about an idea fitting with the bigger picture, use chance- look for inspiration else where.
morphological analysis definition
mechanical technique for generating ideas that removes pre-conceived ideas, includes listing all properties of the design to allow further development of ideas (attributes include physical, functional, user and psychological) “smashing technique” i.e. breaks down overall problem
7 components of SCAMPER
Substitute
Combine
Adapt
Magnify
Put to other uses
Eliminate
Re-arrange
development definition
to explore potential of a design concept, increase quality of communication (cad) and to priorities the specification criteria and user requirements also prototypes
what should a flow chart contain
components, tools, processes, safety risk, QC points
gannt chart definition
manufacturing processes plotted against time, all tasks mapped in order of priority
critical path analysis definition
list all activities, draw network diagram using cirular pods, draw an activity sequence chart showing activities mapped against blocks of time
4 types of scale of production
one-off(bespoke), batch, mass, continuous
one off (bespoke) definition
high cost, highly skilled personnel, expensive materials, time consuming
batch definition
ranging from a few to a few thousand, flexible machinery setup (modern cnc machines and techniques used) skilled workforce, flexible work force
mass definition
low cost products to meet demand, low skilled workforces, largely automated
continuous definition
24/7 production, high setup costs, plastic steel water etc
