AS-LEVEL CHEMISTRY: Mechanisms Revision: Nucleophilic Substitution

Question 1

nucleophilic substitution: halogenoalkane to alcohol

-reagent
-role of reagent
-conditions (2)
-product

Answer 1

-reagent: OH-

-role of reagent: nucleophile

-conditions: heat under reflux, aqueous

-product: alcohol

Question 2

nucleophilic substitution: halogenoalkane to nitrile

-reagent
-role of reagent
-conditions (2)
-product

Answer 2

-reagent: CN-

-role of reagent: nucleophile

-conditions: heat under reflux, ethanolic

-nitrile

Question 3

nucleophilic substitution: halogenoalkane to amine

-reagent
-role of reagent
-conditions (2)
-product

Answer 3

-reagent: excess concentrated NH3

-role of reagent: nucleophile base

-conditions: heat in sealed tube, ethanolic

-product: primary amine