AS 1.3: Bonding

Question 1

Octet Rule

Answer 1

When reacting, an atom tends to gain, lose or share electrons to achieve eight electrons in its outer shell.

Question 2

Ionic Bond

Answer 2

The electrostatic force of attraction between an atom which has lost one or more electrons (a cation) and an atom which has gained one or more electrons (an anion).

Question 3

Covalent Bond

Answer 3

The electrostatic forces of attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms.

Question 4

Coordinatie (Dative) Bond

Answer 4

A shared pair of electrons between two atoms, where one atom has provided both electrons.

Question 5

Lone Pair

Answer 5

A pair of unshared electrons in the outer shell of an atom.

Question 6

Delocalised Electrons

Answer 6

Outer electrons which do not have fixed positions, but instead move freely.

Question 7

Metallic Bond

Answer 7

This is the elecrostatic force of attraction that two neighbouring cations have for the delocalised electrons between them.

Question 8

Electronegativity

Answer 8

The extent to which an atom attracts the bonding electrons in a cpvalent bond.

Question 9

Polar Bond

Answer 9

A covalent bond in which there is unequal sharing of the bonding electrons.