Artificial Reproduction Techniques Flashcards
what is ovarian stimulation
- stimulation of ovaries to produce oocytes
- and prevention of premature ovulation
how is ovarian stimulation done
- injections of FSH to increase oocyte production (multiple oocytes at once instead of just one)
- ## start on day 2 of cycle, take onwards
- (still injecting FSH)
- from day 6 onwards
- injections of an antagonist to reduce LH release that triggers ovulation -> delay ovulation
- ## allowing recruitment of multiple oocytes during an IVF cycleie/ making extra eggs using FSH, but not releasing those eggs
- taking both (antagonist from day 6) for up to 2 weeks
[ovarian stimulation] how do we monitor follicles growing in overly stimulated ovaries - utilise 2 ways together
- ultrasound scanning: follicle number and size measured in each ovary
- bloods (hormone levels): oestrogen and progesterone monitored every 2 days from day 8
[ovarian stimulation] what does monitoring the follicles allow us to know and do
- know if patient is ready for oocyte retrieval
what is given for oocyte retrieval
- trigger injection hCG given to release oocytes
(note: hCG detected by LH receptors; used in assisted reproduction to trigger ovulation)
in oocyte retrieval, what monitoring reports are expected to schedule for egg pick up
- once follicles developed to correct size
- bloods corresponding with cycle
- patients scheduled for theatre
in oocyte retrieval, when are eggs collected & how are they collected
- eggs collected 36hrs post hCG
- eggs collected transvaginally with ultrasound guidance
what happens to collected eggs after procedure in oocyte retrieval
- oocytes stored in warming incubator
- mimics their developmental env in vivo
- number of collected oocytes are counted (from the aspirated follicles)
- then oocytes given to IVF lab (if far, transported in incubator)
while oocytes being collected (ovarian stimulation + oocyte retrieval) what other sample needs to be prepared
- sperm sample
what happens at Specialised Andrology facility
- semen sample received and prepared within strict timeframe
- there are different sperm preparation methods
why is sperm sample prepared in a strict timeframe
to ensure best possible sperm quality (mainly sperm concentration, sperm motility)
what do use of varied sperm preparation methods depend on
sperm preparation method based on:
- initial sperm concentration and sperm motility parameters which are measured
- insemination method
[sperm sample preparation] if there is none - little amount of sperm in ejaculate, what can be done?
- Surgical Sperm Retrieval (SSR)
how many types of Surgical Sperm Retrieval (SSR) are there & their names with brief description
3 types
- Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA): sperm aspirated from testes
- Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (PESA): sperm aspirated from epididymis
- Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE / Testicular biopsy): take tissue where sperm can be found from further methods
what are the 2 ways of inseminating eggs
- standard insemination (IVF)
- intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
