Articulations/Joints Flashcards
What are the different type of joints articulations based on structure?
Fibrous, Cartilagionous, synoval joint.
articulations based on function?
Synarthroses, amphiarthroses, diarthroses
What is a fibrous joint and what are the 3 types?
Bind, and very strong. Gomphosis, suture, syndesmosis
What is a Gomphosis fibrous joint and example?
Gomphosis(bolting together) binds teeth to sockets. Synarthroses
What is a suture fibrous joint and example?
suture(sewing together) sutures of the skull that are bound together by fibrous joints. Synarthrosis
What is a syndesmosis fibrous joint and example?
Syndemosis(ligament) bones joined with a membrane between fibula and tibia.Amphiarthrosis
What is a Cartilagionous joint and give two types of examples?
Bones joined by cartilage.Synchondroses, costochondral joint
What is a Synchondroses joint and give an examples?
Synchondroses(joined bone) immobile joints between the ribs. Synarthrosis
What is a costochondral joint and give an examples?
costochondral(joined bone)epiphyseal plate on the head of the humerus.
What is synarthroses?
not moveable function of the joint, contains hyaline cartilage. Cartilaginous
What is amphiarthroses?
little bit moveable function of joint, fibrocartilage
What is diarthroses?
alot of movement, synovial joints,
What is a synovial joint and give an example?
bone seperated by joint cavity. knee diarthroses
Explain the relationship between stability and mobility of synovial joints
Joint cant be highly mobile and very strong. The greater the motion of a joint the weaker it becomes.
How is a subluxation different from a dislocation?
Subluxation is a sprain of the liguments.Articular surfaces are forced apart incompletely or momentarily. Dislocation is a muscle strain. Articular surfaces are forced apart completely.
Explain why the humerus is more easily subluxated (dislocated) compared to the femur?
Hip joint are stabilized by the shape of the bone. The femur projects into the acetabulum and is stabilized by ligaments,tendons and massive muscles. Shoulder joint is the most synovial joint, and relies only on surrounding ligaments, muscles, and tendons for stability. Makes this joint very week.
What is the function of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments?
Limit acl and pcl movement of the femur and maintain the alignment of the femoral and tibia condyles.
What is the function of the medial/lateral collateral ligaments?
tibial c/l reinforces the medial surface of the knee joint, ecl reinforces lateral surface, these ligaments tighten only at full extension postion which stabilize the joint.
What is the function of the meniscus?
Protect bone from bone to bone contact,absorbs and distributes nutrients and synovial fluid through out the inside of the knee.
What type of cartilage is the meniscus composed of?
Fibrocartlidge
What is the function of bursae and tendon sheeths?
To act like a shock absorber and reduce friction between surfaces. Fibrous sac like structure filled with synovial fluid.
What are the 6 different types of synovial joints and to provide examples?
Plane-tarsals, hinge-humerus, pivot dens of cervical vert, condyle- knuckles, saddle-base of thumb, ball & socket-head of femur
Term Flexion used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint?
flexion-dereasing angle
Term Extension used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint?
Extension-increase angle
Term Abduction used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint?
Abduction-take away from body
Term Adduction used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint?
Adduction- added to the body
Term Lateral rotation used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint?
Lateral rotation-external rotate
Term Medial rotation used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint?
Medial rotation-internal rotate
Term Supination used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint?
hold soup, hands upward
Term pronation used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint?
hands downward
Term Inversion used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint only foot?
soles of feet inward
Term Eversion used to describe the types of movement at a synovial joint only foot?
soles away from you
