arthrology Flashcards
Arthrology
The study of joints
Functions of joints
Stability
mobility
Three classifications of joints
Fibrous joints (fixed)
Cartilaginous joints (slightly moveable)
Synovial joints (freely moveable)
Properties of fibrous joints
Consist of two bones united by fibrous tissue
No joint cavity
No movement
Example of fibrous joints
Structure joints in the skull
membrane between the borders of the radius and ulna
Cartilaginous joints
Two bones united by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage
Examples of cartilaginous joints
Synovial joint functions
Lubricates joint surfaces as they slide over each other to reduce friction
-Supplies nutrients to and removes waste from the cartilage cells which have no direct blood supply
Types of synovial joints (6)
-pivot
-hinge
-condyloid
-saddle
-plane
-ball and socket
Which joints are uniaxial
Hinge and Pivot
Which joints are biaxial
Condyloid and saddle
Which joints are multiaxial
Plane and ball-and-socket
Ligament VS tendon
Ligament connects bone to bone
Tendon connects muscle to bone
What is a bursa
Small sack filled with synovial fluid, located at friction points. Mostly between tendon and bone
Joint movements (6)
- Flexion, extension
- Abduction, adduction
- Rotation (inward) medial and (outward) lateral
- Supination, pronation
- Elevation, depression
- Plantar flexion, dorsiflexion
