Arthrokinematics Flashcards
Movement of one bone on another. Flexion, extension, abduction etc. Under voluntary control
Osteokinematic motion
Occurs when muscles contract to move the joint
Active range of motion
Occurs when someone or something else moves a joint through range of motion
Passive range of motion
The type of resistance that a clinician feels when bringing a patient’s joint to the end of it passive range of motion, then applying slight overpressure
End feel
Full passive range of motion at a joint and motion limited by an expected anatomical structure
Normal end feel
May be present with pain, guarding, swelling, abnormal anatomy. What to see if you can find the ”tissue at fault”
Abnormal end feel
Muscle bulk being compressed
Soft normal end feel
Tension from surrounding ligaments, capsule or muscles. Firm stop with slight. Most common type of end feel
Firm normal end feel
Bone contacts bone at end of passive range of motion. Hard and abrupt limit to passive range of motion
Hard normal end feel
Elbow flexion create a _____ normal end feel.
Soft
Elbow extension creates a ______ normal end feel.
Hard
Knee flexion creates a ______ normal end feel.
Soft
Forearm supination creates a ______ normal end feel.
Firm
Ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion creates a ______ normal end feel.
Firm
Shoulder medial and lateral rotation creates a _______ normal end feel.
Firm
Types of abnormal end feels
Boggy end feel
Muscle spasm
Empty end feel
Springy block
Soft tissue edema present. Wet sponge feel
Boggy end feel
Protective reaction to injury
Muscle spasm
So much pain is present, clinician can’t get to end of ROM
Empty end feel
Rebound movement at end of ROM. Internal damage to joint
Springy block
The manner in which adjoining joint surface move on each other during osteokinematic joint movement
Arthrokinematic Motion
Small arthrokinematic motions that accompany active osteokinematic motions. Do not happen independent of osteokinematic motion. Not under voluntary control
Component movements
Arthrokinematic motion that happens between joint surfaces when an external force creates passive motion at a joint. Ex.) roll, glide, spin
Joint play
Technique that applies external force to generate a passive oscillatory motion or sustained stretch between joint surfaces. CAN BE USED TO RESTORE ROM OR DECREASED PAIN. Manipulation
Joint mobilization
Cause joint distraction. Joint surfaces pull away from each other
Ex.) carrying a heavy suitcase will cause distraction
Traction forces
Cause joint approximation. Joint surfaces are pushed together
Ex.) doing a push up will cause approximation in the UEs
Compression forces
Cause a gliding motion. Joint surfaces move parallel to each other. Assist in restoring joint mobility
Shearing forces
Other than vertical force is applied and results in compresssion on the concave side and distraction on convex side
Bending
One force turning one end around longitudinal axis and another force is fixed or turning opposite direction
Rotary
Type of motion occurring at a joint depends on the shape of the joint surfaces. Most joints have one convex and one concave
Joint surface shape
two bones forming a convex-concave relationship. Most synovial joints. One home end typically larger than the other
Ovoid joint
Each joint surface is convex one direction and concave the other. Carpometacarpal (CMC joint of thumb)
Sellar/saddle shaped joint
Three potential motions at the joint surface
Roll
Spin
Glide
Rolling of one joint surface on another. New points on each surface come into contact through the motion
Roll
Linear movement of a joint surface parallel to the plane of the adjoining joint. One point contacts new points as it moves
Glide(slide)
Rotation of the moveable joint surface on the fixed adjacent surface
Spin
