Arthritic conditions pt1

Question 1

Osteoarthritis

• __ years and over
• A slow onset, the wear and tear of the _____ as you age
• Usually affects the knees, hips, fingers and big toe
• Joint _____ and _____

Answer 1

Osteoarthritis

• 40 years and over
• A slow onset, the wear and tear of the joints as you age
• Usually affects the knees, hips, fingers and big toe
• Joint pain and stiffness

Question 2

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis

• __ years and over
• Autoimmune genetic mutations causing _____ hardening and subsequent _____
• Particularly in the _____ and lower _____ spine
• Morning _____
• Cervical or thoracic spine _____
• Flowing _____ and _____ of anterolateral aspects the vertebral bodies

Answer 2

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis

• 55 years and over
• Autoimmune genetic mutations causing cartilage hardening and subsequent inflammation
• Particularly in the thoracic and lower cervical spine
• Morning stiffness
• Cervical or thoracic spine pain
• Flowing calcifications and ossification of anterolateral aspects the vertebral bodies

Question 3

Gout

• __ – __ year old
• Initially caused by the excess of uric acid in the blood (_____)
• _____ can be related to food, alcohol, drugs, dieting or injury
• Red, hot, swollen and shiny skin over affected joints
• Severe pain in hands and feet (especially big _____)

Answer 3

Gout

• 30 – 60 year old
• Initially caused by the excess of uric acid in the blood (hyperuricemia)
• Attacks can be related to food, alcohol, drugs, dieting or injury
• Red, hot, swollen and shiny skin over affected joints
• Severe pain in hands and feet (especially big toe)

Question 4

Haemochromatosis

• When there is an excess of _____ in the human body
• 4g is normal, but can be increased to __ - __g
• This excess in iron can be caused by hereditary blood disorders
• Hepatomegaly
• _____ skin
• Cardiac arrhythmias
• Lethargy
• _____ in joints
• HFE testing for _____ or _____ gene mutations

Answer 4

Haemochromatosis

• When there is an excess of iron in the human body
• 4g is normal, but can be increased to 20-60g
• This excess in iron can be caused by hereditary blood disorders
• Hepatomegaly
• Tanned skin
• Cardiac arrhythmias
• Lethargy
• Pain in joints
• HFE testing for C282Y or H63D gene mutations

Question 5

Psoriatic Arthritis

• Can be indistinguishable from _____ _____
• __ and __ lymphocytes, macrophages in the joint lining proliferate which results in chronic _____
• This causes _____ over time of the articular cartilage and underlying bone
• This combination over time leads to joint _____ as well as _____
• _____ joints affected
• Identical to _____ arthritis, however, no _____ _____
• Identical too ankylosing spondylitis with _____ and _____
• Severe _____

Answer 5

Psoriatic Arthritis

• Can be indistinguishable from ankylosing spondylitis
• B and T lymphocytes, macrophages in the joint lining proliferate which results in chronic inflammation
• This causes erosion over time of the articular cartilage and underlying bone
• This combination over time leads to joint instability as well as deformity
• DIP joints affected
• Identical to rheumatoid arthritis, however, no Rheumatoid factor
• Identical too ankylosing spondylitis with sacroiliitis and spondylitis
• Severe deformities

Question 6

Reiter’s Syndrome (Reactive Arthritis)

• Associated with the __-__gene
• __ – __ years old
• Most common cause is from _____ exposure (_____)
• Can be from contaminated food such as _____
• Blood test for __-__ gene
• Test for _____ factor, should come up _____

Answer 6

Reiter’s Syndrome (Reactive Arthritis)

• Associated with the HLA-B27 gene
• 20 – 30 years old
• Most common cause is from sexual exposure (chlamydia)
• Can be from contaminated food such as salmonella
• Blood test for HLA-B27 gene
• Test for rheumatoid factor, should come up negative

Question 7

Reiter’s Syndrome (Reactive Arthritis)

• Classic triad (_____, _____, _____)
• Mouth _____
• Nephropathy
• Spondylitis
• Sacroiliitis
• _____fasciitis
• Sausage-shaped _____ and _____

Answer 7

Reiter’s Syndrome (Reactive Arthritis)

• Classic triad (conjunctivitis, urethritis, polyarthritis)
• Mouth ulcers
• Nephropathy
• Spondylitis
• Sacroiliitis
• Plantar fasciitis
• Sausage-shaped fingers and toes