Arterial Supply and Venous Drainage of the Limbs Flashcards
What supplies the upper limb?
Subclavian artery
Axillary artery
Brachial artery
Where does the subclavian artery enter the axilia?
Lateral border of the 1st rib where is becomes the axillary artery.
The axillary artery leaves the lower border of the axillia to enter the arm where it becomes known as the brachial artery.
Where does the brachial artery bifurcate and what does it become?
In the cubital fossa (depression in front of elbow) into radial and ulnar arteries which enter the hand as the palmar arteries.
What supplies the lower limb?
External iliac artery
Femoral artery
Popliteal artery - bifuricates in the popliteal fossa into arterior tibial and posterior tibial arteries
Anterior tibial artery continues past the ankle joint anteriorly onto dorsum of foot and becomes dorsalis pedis artery
Femoral artery is the distal continuation of which artery?
External iliac artery
Dorsalis pedis artery is the distal continuation of which artery?
Anterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery enters the sole of the foot below which malleolus of the ankle?
Medial malleolus
Venous drainage of upper limb
Superficial veins
Cephalic, basilic, median cubital
Deep veins - run along side corresponding arteries and have same names
Radial, ulnar
Venous drainage of lower limb - Superficial Veins
Great/Long Saphenous Veins
Short/Small Saphenous Veins
Where do the long and short saphenous veins begin?
Venous arch on the dorsum of the foot
Where does the long saphenous vein ascend?
Medial aspect of the leg and thigh to drain into the femoral vein.
What is the long saphenous vein commonly used for?
It is the longest vein in the body and is frequently used for surgical harvesting for the repair of other vessels in the body eg CABG - coronary artery bypass garfts.
Why is the saphenous vein prone to varicose veins?
It needs to transport blood against gravity and possesses valves
What are varicose veins?
Veins that enlarge and twist
When veins become varicose, the leaflets of the valves no longer meet properly and valves do not work properly allowing back flow of blood and they enlarge even more
Where do short saphenous veins ascend on?
Ascend on lateral aspect of the leg to drain into the popliteal vein in the popliteal fossa.
Also drain into other deep veins such as posterior tibial veins.
