Arteri, Corona, Paramyxo Flashcards by Henriette Wisnes

Arterivirus, the virulence is highly variable

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The equine viral arteritis is caused by an arterivirus

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Serological tests can NOT be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis

False

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Red blood cells can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

False

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nasal fluid can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A semen sample can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damages

False

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In cases of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age

False?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The main target cells of equine viral arteritis are macrophages

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equine Viral arteritis (EVA) virus can affect donkeys

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The persistence of EVA virus within one herd is usually caused by the stallions

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

EVA is transmitted by sexual and aerogenic pathways

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

After EVA virus infection, mortality rate is low

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damage

False

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The main target cells of equine viral arteritis virus are macrophages

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

EVA can affect donkeys

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

EVA can cause persistent virus carrying

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

EVA is transmitted sexual and aerogenic

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

After EVA infection mortality rate is low

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Equine Viral Arteritis virus can infect by inhalation

True

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Vaccine against Equine Viral Arteritis is never used in Europe

False

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The Equine Viral Arteritis is caused by retrovirus

False

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The equine viral arteritis virus cannot damage the wall of blood vessels

False

The equine viral arteritis virus usually causes asymptomatic infection ´

True

The equine viral arteritis virus rarely causes asymptomatic infection

False

The equine viral arteritis virus can cause persistent infections

True

The equine viral arteritis virus always causes clinical symptoms

False

EVA is spread by insect vectors

False

Long term carrier of EVA

True

Equine viral arteritis causes reproductive problems/impotence in stallions

True

Acute equine viral arteritis is similar to Equine infectious anaemia

True

Equine viral arteritis in mare is reactivated in pregnancy

False

Equine viral arteritis, aborted embryos have degenerated liver

False

Mares are frequently life-long carriers of the Equine arteritis virus

False

Subcutaneous oedema is a frequent sign of equine viral arteritis

True

Pregnant mares usually abort in the acute phase of equine viral arteritis

True

Equine viral arteritis is diagnosed by agarose-gel immunodiffusion (Coggins test)

False

The Equine arteritis virus may cause abortion in pregnant mares

True

Vaccination of colts before puberty can prevent the development of EAV-carrier status

True

Stallions may be long-term carriers of the Equine arteritis virus

True

Conjunctivitis and subcutaneous oedema are possible signs of equine viral arteritis

True

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through nasal route

True

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect per os

True

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through venereal way

True

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect only by arthropods

False

Equine arteritis virus is a uniform virus without serotypes, subtypes etc

True

Aerogenic infection can happen in the case of equine arteritis virus

True

Equine arteritis virus is shed in the semen

True

Equine arteritis virus can cause abortion

True

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damages

False

In case of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age

True

Lameness due to inflammatory joints is the most typical sign of Equine infectious arteritis

False

Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease; therefore vaccinations are forbidden

False

The persistence of equine viral arteritis virus within one herd is usually caused by the stallions

True

Equine viral arteritis is transmitted by a sexual and aerogenic pathways

True

After equine viral arteritis virus infection, mortality rate is low

True

Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease

True

The main target of Equine viral arteritis virus is macrophages

True

Equine infectious arteritis is stenoxen viruses

True

Equine viral arteritis can be controlled in part by removing long-term carriers

True

Equine viral arteritis can affect donkeys

True

PRRS is caused by an arterivirus

True

PRRS is caused by a coronavirus

False

The clinical signs of PRRS can be abortion like that of SMEDI

True

Isolation of PRRS in cell culture can be easily performed in any laboratory

False

PRRS has only highly pathogenic variants

False

Respiratory signs of PRRS occur just in sows

False

PRRS virus replicates in macrophages

True

PRRS virus replicates in T-lymphocytes

False

The pathological signs of PRRS is typical because the lymph nodes are never enlarged

False

PRRS virus affects the respiratory system in young piglets

True

PRRS cause digestive sign in adult

False

PRRS has 2 phases

True

PRRS cause respiratory sign in adult

False

Target cells of PRRSV are alveolar epithelial cells

False

PRRS can only be isolated in porcine kidney cells

False

PRRS causes immune suppression in prolonged cases

False

Attenuated and inactivated vaccines are available against PRRS

True

PRRS virus causes severe intestinal problems in adult pigs

False

PRRS is characterized by respiratory disease in adult pigs

False

PRRS infection has 2 clinical phases

True

PRRSV attacks the active macrophages

True

For PRRS prevention we can get a very good immunization with inactivated vaccines

False

PRRS: reproductive and respiratory problems and others with other virulence

True

Maternal immunity protects only short time against PRRS

True

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) can cause abortion only in the advanced stage of pregnancy (over 90 days)

False

Only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against PRRSV

False

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) propagates in lymphatic cells

True

PRRSV infection may influence the reproductive performance of boars

True

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) is a zoonotic agent

False

Porcine parvoviruses and PRRSV may cause similar disease in sows

True

Porcine reproductive and respiratory vines (PRRSV) does not cause clinical signs in boars

False

Inactivated vaccines alone cannot induce protective immunity against PRRSV

True

Boars can transmit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the semen

True

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus cannot cause abortion, only infertility of the sows

False

There are no vaccines for the prevention of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

False

The blue ear disease is caused by dog coronavirus

False

The blue ear disease is caused by FIP

False

The blue ear disease is caused by chicken coronavirus

False

The blue ear disease is caused by PRRS

True

Does PRRS virus have 3 genotypes

False

Oedema can be a sign of PRRS

True

PRRS is deadly in adult animals

False

Target cells of PRRSV are alveolar epithelial cells

False

PRRS virus can only be isolated in porcine kidney cell culture

False

The Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is only present in North-America

False

The PRRS virus may cause reproductive problems in boars

True

PRRS: cyanosis is one clinical symptom

True

Human coronavirus was not known before 2020

False

Recombination between coronaviruses is frequent

True

Recombination between coronaviruses is rare

False

Coronaviruses are of two origin: bird or bat

True

Human coronaviruses usually cause death

False

Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses

True

BCoV can cause haemagglutination

True

IBV can cause haemagglutination

False

PDCoV can cause haemagglutination

False

CCoV can cause haemagglutination

False

TGEV can cause haemagglutination

False

FIPV can cause haemagglutination

False

HeCoV can cause haemagglutination

True

PEDV can cause haemagglutination

False

Coronaviruses can survive for months in the environment

False

Coronaviruses frequently mutate and recombine

True

Coronaviruses have a weak physical resistance

True

In the case of transmissible encephalopathies always degenerative lesions can be seen

True

In the case of transmissible encephalopathies meningoencephalitis is a typical postmortem lesion

False

Typical sign of TGE is vomiting and diarrhoea

True

TGE virus does not reach the mammary gland

False

TGE virus can replicate in the lungs

True

The colostral immunity against TGE protects the piglets from the disease

True

The antibodies against porcine respiratory coronavirus protect the pigs against TGE

True

TGE virus does not reach foetuses

True

TGE virus does not cause haemagglutination in vitro

True

TGE virus can cause haemagglutination in vitro

False

TGE can cause 100% mortality in newborn piglets

True

TGE virus causes respiratory signs in piglets

False

The pathology of TGE is not characteristic

True

TGE virus does not cause dehydration

False

The pathognomonic sign of TGE is necrosis in the large intestine

False

TGE virus can replicate in the intestine

True

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is completely eradicated in Europe

False

TGE causes 100% mortality in sows

False

The incubation time of TGE is usually 5-7 days

False

TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory systems

True

TGEV is widespread and fully replaced porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) virus

False

Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection against PED

False

Today TGE occurs in an enzootic form

True

The characteristic symptoms of TGE are vomiting and diarrhoea

True

TGE infects only swine

False

TGE virus causes high morbidity

True

Transmissible gastroenteritis is the more severe in piglets than in adult swine

True

The mortality caused by transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is the highest among old sows

False

Transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is a widespread disease, causing high losses in Europe

False

The lesions of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine are in the gastric mucosa and in the small intestine

True

Transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs is more frequent in the tropical countries that the moderate climate

False

There is no cross protection between transmissible gastroenteritis vines and the pulmonary coronavirus of pigs

False

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical disease only in pigs

True

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus spreads rapidly in the herd

True

The epizootic TGEV spreads rapidly

True

The epizootic TGEV can cause disease mainly in winter

True

The epizootic TGEV can be transmitted with milk

True

The epizootic TGEV does not cause viraemia

False

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus provides cross protection to hemagglutinating coronavirus

False

TGE mainly cause croupous pneumonia

False

TGE replaces the respiratory corona virus

False

TGE appears in Hungary

True

TGE causes 100% mortality in susceptible piglets under 1 week of age

True

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis is completely eradicated in Europe

False

PED is similar to TGE

True

The incubation time of TGE is usually 1-3 days

True

TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory system

True

Only pigs are susceptible to TGE infection

False

Maternal immunity is essential against TGE infection of piglets

True

Today TGE occurs in epizootic form

True

TGE is completely eradicated in Europe

False

Transmissible gastroenteritis is usually asymptomatic in adults

True

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical signs in dogs

False

The Porcine respiratory coronavirus has been evolved from the Transmissible gastroenteritis virus

True

Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection from transmissible gastroenteritis

True

TGE infection is devastating at any age

False

The incubation period of TGE can be as short as 8 hours

False

Pig has betacoronavirus

True

Pigs has only alphacoronavirus

False

The porcine coronavirus may be avian virus

True

The antibodies against porcine respiratory coronavirus protect the pigs against porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus

False

Mutations and recombinations do not occur in swine coronaviruses

False

PRCoV usually causes pneumonia

False

Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets

False

Porcine respiratory coronavirus reduced the prevalence of porcine epidemic diarrhoea

False

Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross protection from TGE

True

Swine pulmonary corona virus has a high mortality by pneumonia

False

Porcine respiratory coronavirus is a modification of the Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus

False

PRCoV gives cross protection against TGEV

True

PDCoV causes symptoms in pigs

True

Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets

False

Porcine epidemic diarrhea can cause clinical signs in older animals

False(?)

The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhea can replicate in the colon

True

PEDV also occurs in Europe

True

The porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus causes disease in calf

False

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus can cause disease in humans

False

The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhoea can replicate in the heart muscle of the foetus

False

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus causes more severe symptoms in adult than in young piglets

False

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea is present only in Africa and in the Middle East

False

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea usually resembles TGE

True

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea can be transmitted by infected dogs and cats

False

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea frequently occurs in Europe

False

PHEV gets to central nervous system via the peripheral nerves

True

PHEV causes diarrhoea

False

Hemagglutination encephalomyelitis virus infects young pigs

True

Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus is typically vectored by mosquitoes

False

Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause encephalomyelitis in suckling piglets

True

Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause severe diarrhoea in sows

False

Hemagglutinating coronavirus/Ontario Disease is sporadic in Hungary

True

Hemagglutinating coronavirus of pigs is frequently causing malabsorption in sows

False

The hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus multiplicate in hematopoietic stem cells of the bone marrow

False

Hemagglutinating coronavirus is present worldwide

True

The occurrence of coronavirus encephalomyelitis of piglets is usually sporadic

True

Deltacoronavirus of pigs is a bat virus

False

Deltacoronavirus of pigs is an avian virus

True

Bovine coronavirus is generally spreading in summer

False

The bovine coronavirus is of avian origin

False

Bovine coronavirus is betacoronavirus

True

Bovine coronavirus is alphacoronavirus

False

Bovine coronavirus does not cause haemagglutination in vitro

False

Bovine coronavirus remains at the place of the primary replication, and it does not cause viraemia

False

Bovine coronavirus is generally spreading in winter

True

Certain bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhoea in children

False

Bovine coronaviruses usually infect the respiratory and the digestive systems

True

Bovine corona virus causes diarrhoea in adult animals mainly in summer

False

Bovine corona virus can cause respiratory problems

True

Cattle can be infected with coronavirus per os

True

Cattle can be infected with coronavirus by inhalation

True

Bovine coronavirus can infect humans

False

Bovine coronaviruses causes mainly respiratory and enteric diseases

True

Certain bovine coronaviruses can affect humans causing clinical signs

False

Coronaviruses mainly cause central nervous disease in cattle

False

Calves can be protected against coronavirus diarrhoea by vaccinations of pregnant cows

True

Mortality of calf enteral coronavirus is high

True

Bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhoea only in calves up to one month of age

False

Coronavirus diarrhoea occurs in young calves between a few days and 3-4 weeks of age

True

Coronavirus dysentery in calves can be observed up to 3 weeks of age

True

Coronavirus can cause enteritis in calves typically on the first week of life

True

Calf coronavirus diarrhoea is characterized by several respiratory signs

False

Mortality of calf respiratory coronavirus is high

False

Bovine coronaviruses may cause respiratory signs in calves

True

Winter diarrhoea mainly affects dairy herds

True

Bovine coronavirus can cause diarrhoea in adult animals

True

Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhoea in dairy cows with haemorrhagic access

True

There are no vaccines for the prevention of coronaviral diarrhoea in cattle

False

Winter dysentery causes symptoms in younger age (up to 6 months of age)

False

Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhoea in dairy cows

True

Surviving winter dysentery gives permanent protection only against homologous infection

True

Dogs have only one type of coronavirus

False

The canine coronavirus is a zoonotic agent

False

Canine coronavirus can always cause enteral disease

False

There is a vaccine against canine coronavirus

True

Canine coronavirus (CCOV-1) causes diarrhoea in young, susceptible dogs

True

Canine coronaviruses frequently cause encephalitis and hepatitis in puppies

False

Canine alphacoronavirus type II may cause haemorrhagic disease in 1-2-month-old pups

True

Canine coronavirus are only present in North America

False

Canine coronavirus vaccines effectively protect from any Canine coronavirus infection

False

CCoV-IIa infections are endemic worldwide

False

Canine enteral coronavirus and porcine coronavirus are genetically closely relative

False

Dog enteral coronavirus: some strains can cause haemorrhagic diseases in some visceral organs

True

Canine coronavirus-2 infections are characterized by haemorrhagic diarrhoea in puppies

True

There are no protective vaccines available against Canine enteric coronavirus

False

Canine pantropic coronavirus is an agent of kennel cough

False

Canine pantropic coronavirus causes subnormal temperature

False

Canine pantropic coronaviruses damage only the mucous membranes

False

Canine pantropic coronaviruses causes high fever

True

Pantropic canine coronavirus infections are endemic worldwide

False

Pantropic canine coronavirus causes a mild respiratory disease in suckling dogs

False

The canine respiratory coronavirus belongs to a different group than enteral coronavirus

True

Canine respiratory coronavirus and human coronaviruses are genetically very distant relatives in all cases

False

Canine respiratory coronavirus and bovine coronaviruses are genetically closely relatives

True

Canine respiratory coronavirus infection results cross-protection against CCOV-I

False

In suckling dogs CCoV-II infection causes respiratory disease

False

Canine coronavirus is part of kennel cough

True

The FIP is a pathotype of feline coronavirus

True

Almost all cat vaccines contain antibodies against FIP

Fasle

The wet form of FIP is II. type of hypersensitivity

False

The dry form of FIP is I. type of hypersensitivity

False

The dry form of FIP is IV. type of hypersensitivity

True

FIP is an incurable disease

True

FIP is caused by jackal coronavirus

False

FIP responds well to antibiotic treatment

False

Most animals infected with feline coronavirus develop FIP

False

Cats can be vaccinated against feline coronavirus, but protection against FIP is not effective

True

The dry form of FIP is I. type of hypersensitivity

False

The feline coronavirus causes viraemia only in FIP

False

The feline coronavirus is usually an enteric disease

True

The feline coronavirus is a zoonotic agent

False

Feline enteric coronavirus (FECOV) can only infect Felidae

True

Feline enteric coronaviruses may infect dogs

False

Feline infectious peritonitis viruses form a single serotype

False

Feline enteric coronavirus infection usually causes sudden death of queens

False

In the background of FIP can be immunopathological processes

True

FIP causes infection only in cats younger than 1 year of age

False

Feline corona virus does not have a long infection/carrier time

False

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) develops only in adult cats (over 1 year of age)

False

Decreased serum albumin/globulin ratio may indicate FIP

True

Feline enteric coronavirus usually causes severe, haemorrhagic enteritis in kittens

False

Cell-mediated hypersensitivity plays a major role in the background of non-effusive feline infectious peritonitis

True

All species of Felidae are susceptible to feline coronaviruses

True

Coronaviruses can cause asymptomatic infection in cats

True

Feline coronaviruses can cause mild watery diarrhoea

True

Feline infectious peritonitis is an acute disease, it appears after a 2-3 days long incubation

False

Feline coronavirus is a recombinant canine virus

True

Feline enteric coronavirus causes FIP in 5-10% of cases

True

FIP mainly infects with faeces

True

Feline enteric coronavirus (FECoV) can only infect Felidae

True

Feline infectious peritonitis viruses from a single serotype

True

Effusive FIP is the result of a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction

True

Feline enteric coronavirus infection usually causes sudden death of queens

False

Feline enteric coronavirus infection of cats is very common

True

Vaccine effectively protects from feline infectious peritonitis

False

Feline coronavirus has two serotypes, both having two pathotypes

True

FECoV infection usually causes acute haemorrhagic enteritis

False

The Feline enteric coronavirus usually does not cause severe enteritis

True

FIP forms because of immunotolerance

False

In the presence of high-titer antibody level, infectious peritonitis cannot develop in cats

True

Avian coronaviruses provide long lasting yolk-immunity

False

Inactivated vaccine against IBV can be used any ages

True?

A clinical sign of IBV can be nephritis

True

IBV has nephropathogenic strains

True

Infectious bronchitis virus causes tracheitis and pneumonia in chicken below 6 weeks of age

True

The eggs are not infected infectious bronchitis virus

True

IBV, the most important route is the germinative route

False

IBV, have a wide range of serotypes including many variant strains

True

IBV, cause stunting growth when embryonated egg is infected

False

IBV is an arterivirus

False

Mortality of IBV is high every ages

False

Mortality of IBV depends on the coinfections

True

IBV causes swollen oviducts in chicken

True

Mortality of IBV depends on the age

True

IBV can cause soft-shelled egg

True

IBV cannot cause viraemia

False

The Infectious Bursitis Virus IBDV is inactivated within 1-2 days in the environment

False

Infectious bronchitis viruses belong into 3 distinct serotypes

False

Infectious bronchitis virus damages the ovaries only in hens

False

Infectious bronchitis virus can cause renal problems

True

Infectious bronchitis virus can cause inflammatory lesions in the oviduct of chicken

True

Infections bronchitis virus vaccines are used against turkey enteritis

False

Infectious bronchitis virus can cause severe respiratory signs in young chicken

True

Infectious bronchitis virus can damage the oviduct

True

Infectious bronchitis can spread very slowly in the flock causing chronic disease

False

There are no vaccines for the prevention of infectious bronchitis of chicken

False

Infectious bronchitis virus of chicken is a uniform virus without any types of variants

False

There is no germinative infection in the case of infectious bronchitis of chicken

True

Infectious bronchitis virus replicates in the epithelial cells of the trachea and bronchi

True

Infectious bronchitis virus can result in damaged or abnormal shell formation

True

Infectious bronchitis has a lot of serotypes

True

Infectious bronchitis viruses may have different organ tropism

True

Germinative route is the most important in the transmission of infectious bronchitis

False

Inactivated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis

True

Attenuated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis

True

Infectious bronchitis viruses form 2 distinct serotypes

False

Infectious bronchitis viruses have a wide range of serotypes including many variants

True

The clinical signs of Infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease may be similar

True

Coronavirus can cause diarrhoea in turkeys

True

Turkey corona virus does not cause strong diarrhoea and causes no necrosis

False

Turkey enteritis is characterized by age-dependent mortality rates

True

Vaccination of turkey breeding flocks against Turkey enteritis virus is mandatory

False

Paramyxoviruses are bad immunogens

False

Paramyxoviruses can survive just a few days in the environment

True

Paramyxoviruses cannot cause strong cytopathogenic effect in cell cultures

False

Paramyxoviruses are good immunogens

True

Parainfluenza viruses generally cause infection in the respiratory tract

True

Parainfluenza viruses are highly host specific

False

There are no vaccines on the market against canine parainfluenza 2 virus

False

Canine parainfluenza virus 2 frequently causes encephalitis in old dogs

False

Feline morbillivirus infection may be associated with tubulo-interstitial nephritis in cats

True

Parainfluenza virus 2 infection is frequent in the aetiology of kennel cough

False

Rinderpest virus can infect pigs

True

Rinderpest virus can infect cattle

True

The morbidity of rinderpest can reach 100%

True

Rinderpest virus replicated only in the lungs

False

Rinderpest virus is resistant; it can survive in the environment for several weeks

False

Rinderpest virus causes viraemia

True

Extended interstitial pneumonia is a frequent post mortem lesion of rinderpest

False

Vesicle formation on the mucous membranes is typical in the case of rinderpest

False

Diarrhoea with blood is a typical sign of rinderpest

True

Enteral clinical signs are not typical in Rinderpest

False

Attenuated viruses are widely used for the prevention of Rinderpest in Africa

False

The clinical signs of rinderpest and malignant catarrhal fever are similar

True

Erosions in the oral and nasal cavity are clinical signs of rinderpest

True

Rinderpest occurs in large number in Africa

False

Earth is free from Rinderpest

True

Wild mammals are asymptomatic carriers of Rinderpest

False

It is mandatory to vaccinate cattle against Rinderpest

False

Nowadays Rinderpest virus is used as heterologous vaccine against the PPR virus

False

Rinderpest virus survives for years in nature

False

Only cattle are susceptible to Rinderpest infections

False

Rinderpest is carried by animals for a long time

False

Rinderpest commonly occurs in Africa and in Latin America

False

Rinderpest virus is carried by animals for several years

False

Cattle are infected with rinderpest virus mainly per os

True

Cattle are affected with rinderpest mainly per os

True

Rinderpest virus can survive in the environment for several months

False

Peste des pest ruminants virus is resistant, it can survive in the environment for several months

False

Attenuated vaccines can be used for the prevention of peste des petit ruminants

True

Peste des petits ruminants is a widespread disease in Europe

False

Generally direct contact is needed to the transmission of peste des petits ruminants virus

True

Peste des petits ruminants virus replicates in the epithelium of the mucous membranes

True

Peste des petit ruminants is a frequently diagnosed disease in America

False

Necrosis of the oral epithelium is a typical sign of peste des petits ruminants

True

Peste de petits ruminants is a zoonotic disease

False

Nasal discharge is a typical clinical sign of peste des petit ruminants

True

Erosive lesions in the oral cavity are frequent signs of Peste des petits ruminants

True

The Peste des petits ruminants are endemic in North- and South America

False

Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic pneumonia

True

Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic or necrotic enteritis

True

Over 50% of the animals may die during a Peste des petits ruminants outbreak

True

The world is free of Peste des petites ruminants

False

Canine distemper virus can produce a generalised infection

True

The pathogenesis of distemper is influenced by the immune response of the host

True

Distemper can be prevented only with the attenuated but not inactivated vaccines

False

Distemper is zoonosis

False

Distemper virus is shed in respiratory discharge and urine

True

Canine distemper has six serotypes

False

Neurological signs are not typical signs of canine distemper

False

Clinical signs of the nervous system generally do not appear always in the case of canine distemper

False

Canine distemper virus has one serotype with virulence variants

True

Salivation and chewing movements cannot be clinical signs of canine distemper

False

Distemper is a highly contagious disease of dogs and some other carnivores

True

Distemper can be prevented only with attenuated but not inactivated vaccines

False

Canine distemper virus causes immunosuppression

True

The dog is the only species which is susceptible to canine distemper virus

False

Three to six month old dogs are most susceptible to canine distemper virus

True

Enamel hypoplasia can be a sign of distemper

True

Hyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads are clinical signs of canine distemper

True

Ataxia and paralysis are the main clinical signs of distemper in cats

False

Distemper virus infects only dogs

False

Distemper can cause abortion

True

Dogs infected with Canine distemper virus usually become life-long carriers and shedders

False

Clinical manifestation of the Canine distemper is mainly seen in 3-4 months-old dogs

True

The outcome of Canine distemper virus infection is very much influenced by the immune response of the dog in utero

True

Distemper virus infects only species belonging to Canidae

False

Distemper virus can cause fetopathy

True

Distemper virus can infect species belonging to the Felidae

True

Distemper virus spreads mainly by arthropod vectors

False

Distemper is a notifiable disease

False

The dominant clinical sign of Canine distemper is diarrhoea

False

Canine distemper virus only infects Canidae

False

Distemper occurs in lions and dolphins

True

Distemper can cause encephalitis in dogs

True

Surviving distemper does not result in protection

False

Distemper can predispose dogs to secondary bacterial infections

True

Vaccinations against distemper at half years of age

False

Distemper causes de-myelinization

True

Distemper through conjunctival smear can be diagnosed by immunofluorescence technique

True

Canine distemper virus often causes cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the urinary bladder epithelial cells

True

Hendra and Nipah viruses cause zoonotic disease

True

Hendra virus can infect mainly swine and human

False

Hendra virus can cause respiratory and neurological signs

Ture

Horse is susceptible to Hendra virus infection

True

Hendra virus can cause enteritis in the small intestine

False

Natural reservoir of Hendra virus is flying fox (bat)

True

Hendra-viruses can cause encephalitis in horses and in humans

True

Hendra virus is found only in Australia

True

Diseases caused by Nipah virus occur worldwide

False

Nipah virus can cause ataxia, spasms, and paralysis in pigs

True

Natural reservoir of Nipah virus is fruit bats

True

Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Nipah-viruses

False

Nipah virus is transmitted mainly by arthropod vectors

False

Bovine RS virus can cause severe pneumonia in 6 months to 2 years old calves

True

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus replicates in the alveolar epithelium

True

Worldwide occurrence is characteristic for Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection

True

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes viraemia

False

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can predispose to secondary bacterial infections

True

Subcutaneous emphysema is a common clinical sign of the disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus

True

Disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus cannot be prevented with vaccination

False

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus is spreading fast within a herd

True

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can cause life threatening disease in calves

True

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes low morbidity and high mortality

False

Bovine respiratory syntitial virus is caused by pneumovirus and we use inactivated vaccines for prevention

True

Bovine parainfluenza virus causes central nervous clinical signs in calves

False

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can result formation of hyalin membrane in the alveoli

True

Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza-3 virus is very rare

False

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can cause interstitial pneumonia in calves

True

Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus infection is usually endemic in cattle farms

True

Bovine parainffuenza-3 virus generally causes aerosol infection

True

Fever, coughing, nasal discharge are common clinical signs of bovine PI-3 infection

True

Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza 3 virus can be diagnosed using paired sera

True

Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 is frequently endemic in cattle farms

True

Parainfluenza 3 virus of cattle spreads mainly by arthropod vectors

False

Symptoms of parainfluenza 3 virus infection of cattle are similar to RS virus infection

True

Parainfluenza-3 virus of cattle can cause thromboembolic meningoencephalitis

False

Parainfluenza-3 virus infection of calves is frequently followed by secondary bacterial infection

True

Parainfluenza-3 viruses causes disease primarily in young calves

True

A common route of infection with parainfluenza-3 is through inhalation

True

Parainfluenza-3 virus can predispose cattle to pneumonia caused by bacteria

True

The main clinical sign of a parainfluenza-3 infection is diarrhoea

False

Parainfluenza-3 virus aids in secondary bacterial contaminations

True

Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute form of the disease

True

Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute septicemia

False

Live mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccinations in Europe

True

Day-old chicken can be vaccinated with apathogenic strains to prevent ND

Trur

Hen flocks are vaccinated with lentogenic/apathogenic strains to induce maternal immunity

True

Mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccination in some countries

True

Apathogenic trains of NDV are used for vaccination

False

Velogenic-viscerotropic NDV strains can cause disease with high mortality

True

ND is caused by virulent strains of the APMV-1 serogroup

True

Members of every APMV serogroup can cause Newcastle disease

False

It is possible to determine the virulence of AMPV-1 strains by sequencing

True

A usual 1st symptom of neurotropic-vNDV infection is diarrhea

False

An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in ducks

False

An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in dogs

False

Newcastle disease is caused by virulent strains of serogroup APMV-1

True

An intracerebral pathogenicity index higher than 0.7 is a criterion of ND

True

The sequence of Newcastle disease virus F0 splice is a significant factor in its virulence

True

Newcastle Disease ND viruses cause dwarfism in embryonated chicken eggs

False

There are no vaccines for the prevention of Newcastle disease

False

Only faeces of the infected birds contains Newcastle disease virus F

False

Diarrhoea is a clinical sign of Newcastle disease

True

Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the chicken embryo survival index

True

Newcastle disease is caused by avian paramyxovirus 1

True

Newcastle disease virus can infect only chicken

False

Worldwide distribution is common for Newcastle disease virus

True

Inhalation is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus T

True

Per os infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus

True

Eurasia is free from Newcastle disease

False

Humans are resistant against Newcastle disease virus

False

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus cause severe fatal infection

False

Lentogenic NDV may cause disease in young turkey

True

Germinative infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus

False

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus cause severe fatal infection

False

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality in poultry flocks

False

Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than velogenic

False

Newcastle disease virus causes viraemia

True

Newcastle disease virus damages blood vessels

True

The clinical signs of Newcastle disease and avian influenza are similar

True

Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the intracerebral pathogenicity index

True

There are different virulence variants of Newcastle disease virus

True

Only inactivated vaccines may be used for the prevention of Newcastle disease

False

Velogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than mesogenic

True

Tremor, spasms and torcicollis are clinical signs of Newcastle disease

True

Newcastle disease, splice site significant

True(?)

Index higher than 0,7 is a criterion of Newcastle disease

True

Vaccination against Newcastle disease is used all over world

True

The vaccine for NDV is a lentogenic strain

True

Lentogenic stain is used in vaccines for new castles disease

True

Newcastle disease virus velogen viscerotop and neurotrop causes neurological signs

True

Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Newcastle disease virus

True

The virulence of Newcastle disease strains can be determined by sequence analysis of certain genes

(?)

Newcastle disease virus cannot survive long in the environment

False

Newcastle disease virus is typically vectored by ticks

False

Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus always cause encephalitis

True

Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production

True

Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality

False

Velogenic viscerotrop strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production

False

Avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) belong into 9 serogroups

True

Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus do not cause clinical signs.

False

Wild boars may transmit Newcastle disease virus

False

Any member of the avian paramyxovirus serogroups may cause Newcastle disease

False

Avian paramyxovirus-1 usually causes central nervous disease in pigeons

True

Newcastle disease virus can be taken up by inhalation and per os

True

CNS clinical signs are frequently seen in chicken in the case of Newcastle disease

True

Newcastle disease could easily be differentiated from avian influenza

False

Using vaccines of velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus good protection can be reached

False

Drop of egg production is a clinical sign of avian metapneumovirus infection

True

Avian metapneumovirus infection occurs only in America

False

Avian metapneumovirus infection spreads very fast within the flock

True

Disease caused by avian metapneumovirus is more severe in turkeys than hens

True

In avian metapneumovirus infection the egg production drops/decreases

True

Swollen head syndrome (SHS) caused by avian metapneumonia virus

True

Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of avian metapneumoviruses

True

Avian metapneumoviruses can cause respiratory signs and egg production problems

True

Turkey rhinotracheitis virus causes disease in turkeys and chicken

True

Turkey rhinotracheitis is most frequent at 4-9 weeks of age

True