Arteri, Corona, Paramyxo Flashcards
Arterivirus, the virulence is highly variable
True
The equine viral arteritis is caused by an arterivirus
True
Serological tests can NOT be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis
False
Red blood cells can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus
False
Nasal fluid can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus
True
A semen sample can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus
True
Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damages
False
Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic
True
In cases of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age
False?
The main target cells of equine viral arteritis are macrophages
True
Equine Viral arteritis (EVA) virus can affect donkeys
True
The persistence of EVA virus within one herd is usually caused by the stallions
True
EVA is transmitted by sexual and aerogenic pathways
True
After EVA virus infection, mortality rate is low
True
Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damage
False
Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic
True
The main target cells of equine viral arteritis virus are macrophages
True
EVA can affect donkeys
True
EVA can cause persistent virus carrying
True
EVA is transmitted sexual and aerogenic
True
After EVA infection mortality rate is low
True
Equine Viral Arteritis virus can infect by inhalation
True
Vaccine against Equine Viral Arteritis is never used in Europe
False
The Equine Viral Arteritis is caused by retrovirus
False
The equine viral arteritis virus cannot damage the wall of blood vessels
False
The equine viral arteritis virus usually causes asymptomatic infection ´
True
The equine viral arteritis virus rarely causes asymptomatic infection
False
The equine viral arteritis virus can cause persistent infections
True
The equine viral arteritis virus always causes clinical symptoms
False
EVA is spread by insect vectors
False
Long term carrier of EVA
True
Equine viral arteritis causes reproductive problems/impotence in stallions
True
Acute equine viral arteritis is similar to Equine infectious anaemia
True
Equine viral arteritis in mare is reactivated in pregnancy
False
Equine viral arteritis, aborted embryos have degenerated liver
False
Mares are frequently life-long carriers of the Equine arteritis virus
False
Subcutaneous oedema is a frequent sign of equine viral arteritis
True
Pregnant mares usually abort in the acute phase of equine viral arteritis
True
Equine viral arteritis is diagnosed by agarose-gel immunodiffusion (Coggins test)
False
The Equine arteritis virus may cause abortion in pregnant mares
True
Vaccination of colts before puberty can prevent the development of EAV-carrier status
True
Stallions may be long-term carriers of the Equine arteritis virus
True
Conjunctivitis and subcutaneous oedema are possible signs of equine viral arteritis
True
Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through nasal route
True
Equine viral arteritis virus can infect per os
True
Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through venereal way
True
Equine viral arteritis virus can infect only by arthropods
False
Equine arteritis virus is a uniform virus without serotypes, subtypes etc
True
Aerogenic infection can happen in the case of equine arteritis virus
True
Equine arteritis virus is shed in the semen
True
Equine arteritis virus can cause abortion
True
Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damages
False
In case of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age
True
Lameness due to inflammatory joints is the most typical sign of Equine infectious arteritis
False
Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease; therefore vaccinations are forbidden
False
The persistence of equine viral arteritis virus within one herd is usually caused by the stallions
True
Equine viral arteritis is transmitted by a sexual and aerogenic pathways
True
After equine viral arteritis virus infection, mortality rate is low
True
Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease
True
The main target of Equine viral arteritis virus is macrophages
True
Equine infectious arteritis is stenoxen viruses
True
Equine viral arteritis can be controlled in part by removing long-term carriers
True
Equine viral arteritis can affect donkeys
True
PRRS is caused by an arterivirus
True
PRRS is caused by a coronavirus
False
The clinical signs of PRRS can be abortion like that of SMEDI
True
Isolation of PRRS in cell culture can be easily performed in any laboratory
False
PRRS has only highly pathogenic variants
False
Respiratory signs of PRRS occur just in sows
False
PRRS virus replicates in macrophages
True
PRRS virus replicates in T-lymphocytes
False
The pathological signs of PRRS is typical because the lymph nodes are never enlarged
False
PRRS virus affects the respiratory system in young piglets
True
PRRS cause digestive sign in adult
False
PRRS has 2 phases
True
PRRS cause respiratory sign in adult
False
Target cells of PRRSV are alveolar epithelial cells
False
PRRS can only be isolated in porcine kidney cells
False
PRRS causes immune suppression in prolonged cases
False
Attenuated and inactivated vaccines are available against PRRS
True
PRRS virus causes severe intestinal problems in adult pigs
False
PRRS is characterized by respiratory disease in adult pigs
False
PRRS infection has 2 clinical phases
True
PRRSV attacks the active macrophages
True
For PRRS prevention we can get a very good immunization with inactivated vaccines
False
PRRS: reproductive and respiratory problems and others with other virulence
True
Maternal immunity protects only short time against PRRS
True
Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) can cause abortion only in the advanced stage of pregnancy (over 90 days)
False
Only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against PRRSV
False
Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) propagates in lymphatic cells
True
PRRSV infection may influence the reproductive performance of boars
True
Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) is a zoonotic agent
False
Porcine parvoviruses and PRRSV may cause similar disease in sows
True
Porcine reproductive and respiratory vines (PRRSV) does not cause clinical signs in boars
False
Inactivated vaccines alone cannot induce protective immunity against PRRSV
True
Boars can transmit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the semen
True
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus cannot cause abortion, only infertility of the sows
False
There are no vaccines for the prevention of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
False
The blue ear disease is caused by dog coronavirus
False
The blue ear disease is caused by FIP
False
The blue ear disease is caused by chicken coronavirus
False
The blue ear disease is caused by PRRS
True
Does PRRS virus have 3 genotypes
False
Oedema can be a sign of PRRS
True
PRRS is deadly in adult animals
False
Target cells of PRRSV are alveolar epithelial cells
False
PRRS virus can only be isolated in porcine kidney cell culture
False
The Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is only present in North-America
False
The PRRS virus may cause reproductive problems in boars
True
PRRS: cyanosis is one clinical symptom
True
Human coronavirus was not known before 2020
False
Recombination between coronaviruses is frequent
True
Recombination between coronaviruses is rare
False
Coronaviruses are of two origin: bird or bat
True
Human coronaviruses usually cause death
False
Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses
True
BCoV can cause haemagglutination
True
IBV can cause haemagglutination
False
PDCoV can cause haemagglutination
False
CCoV can cause haemagglutination
False
TGEV can cause haemagglutination
False
FIPV can cause haemagglutination
False
HeCoV can cause haemagglutination
True
PEDV can cause haemagglutination
False
Coronaviruses can survive for months in the environment
False
Coronaviruses frequently mutate and recombine
True
Coronaviruses have a weak physical resistance
True
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies always degenerative lesions can be seen
True
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies meningoencephalitis is a typical postmortem lesion
False
Typical sign of TGE is vomiting and diarrhoea
True
TGE virus does not reach the mammary gland
False
TGE virus can replicate in the lungs
True
The colostral immunity against TGE protects the piglets from the disease
True
The antibodies against porcine respiratory coronavirus protect the pigs against TGE
True
TGE virus does not reach foetuses
True
TGE virus does not cause haemagglutination in vitro
True
TGE virus can cause haemagglutination in vitro
False
TGE can cause 100% mortality in newborn piglets
True
TGE virus causes respiratory signs in piglets
False
The pathology of TGE is not characteristic
True
TGE virus does not cause dehydration
False
The pathognomonic sign of TGE is necrosis in the large intestine
False
TGE virus can replicate in the intestine
True
Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is completely eradicated in Europe
False
TGE causes 100% mortality in sows
False
The incubation time of TGE is usually 5-7 days
False
TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory systems
True
TGEV is widespread and fully replaced porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) virus
False
Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection against PED
False
Today TGE occurs in an enzootic form
True
The characteristic symptoms of TGE are vomiting and diarrhoea
True
TGE infects only swine
False
TGE virus causes high morbidity
True
Transmissible gastroenteritis is the more severe in piglets than in adult swine
True
The mortality caused by transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is the highest among old sows
False
Transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is a widespread disease, causing high losses in Europe
False
The lesions of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine are in the gastric mucosa and in the small intestine
True
Transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs is more frequent in the tropical countries that the moderate climate
False
There is no cross protection between transmissible gastroenteritis vines and the pulmonary coronavirus of pigs
False
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical disease only in pigs
True
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus spreads rapidly in the herd
True
The epizootic TGEV spreads rapidly
True
The epizootic TGEV can cause disease mainly in winter
True
The epizootic TGEV can be transmitted with milk
True
The epizootic TGEV does not cause viraemia
False
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus provides cross protection to hemagglutinating coronavirus
False
TGE mainly cause croupous pneumonia
False
TGE replaces the respiratory corona virus
False
TGE appears in Hungary
True
TGE causes 100% mortality in susceptible piglets under 1 week of age
True
Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis is completely eradicated in Europe
False
PED is similar to TGE
True
The incubation time of TGE is usually 1-3 days
True
TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory system
True
Only pigs are susceptible to TGE infection
False
Maternal immunity is essential against TGE infection of piglets
True
Today TGE occurs in epizootic form
True
TGE is completely eradicated in Europe
False
Transmissible gastroenteritis is usually asymptomatic in adults
True
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical signs in dogs
False
The Porcine respiratory coronavirus has been evolved from the Transmissible gastroenteritis virus
True
Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection from transmissible gastroenteritis
True
TGE infection is devastating at any age
False
The incubation period of TGE can be as short as 8 hours
False
Pig has betacoronavirus
True
Pigs has only alphacoronavirus
False
The porcine coronavirus may be avian virus
True
The antibodies against porcine respiratory coronavirus protect the pigs against porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus
False
Mutations and recombinations do not occur in swine coronaviruses
False
PRCoV usually causes pneumonia
False
Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets
False
Porcine respiratory coronavirus reduced the prevalence of porcine epidemic diarrhoea
False
Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross protection from TGE
True
Swine pulmonary corona virus has a high mortality by pneumonia
False
Porcine respiratory coronavirus is a modification of the Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus
False
PRCoV gives cross protection against TGEV
True
PDCoV causes symptoms in pigs
True
Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets
False
Porcine epidemic diarrhea can cause clinical signs in older animals
False(?)
The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhea can replicate in the colon
True
PEDV also occurs in Europe
True
The porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus causes disease in calf
False
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus can cause disease in humans
False
The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhoea can replicate in the heart muscle of the foetus
False
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus causes more severe symptoms in adult than in young piglets
False
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea is present only in Africa and in the Middle East
False
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea usually resembles TGE
True
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea can be transmitted by infected dogs and cats
False
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea frequently occurs in Europe
False
PHEV gets to central nervous system via the peripheral nerves
True
PHEV causes diarrhoea
False
Hemagglutination encephalomyelitis virus infects young pigs
True
Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus is typically vectored by mosquitoes
False
Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause encephalomyelitis in suckling piglets
True
Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause severe diarrhoea in sows
False
Hemagglutinating coronavirus/Ontario Disease is sporadic in Hungary
True
Hemagglutinating coronavirus of pigs is frequently causing malabsorption in sows
False
The hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus multiplicate in hematopoietic stem cells of the bone marrow
False
Hemagglutinating coronavirus is present worldwide
True
The occurrence of coronavirus encephalomyelitis of piglets is usually sporadic
True
Deltacoronavirus of pigs is a bat virus
False
Deltacoronavirus of pigs is an avian virus
True
Bovine coronavirus is generally spreading in summer
False
The bovine coronavirus is of avian origin
False
Bovine coronavirus is betacoronavirus
True
Bovine coronavirus is alphacoronavirus
False
Bovine coronavirus does not cause haemagglutination in vitro
False
Bovine coronavirus remains at the place of the primary replication, and it does not cause viraemia
False
Bovine coronavirus is generally spreading in winter
True
Certain bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhoea in children
False
Bovine coronaviruses usually infect the respiratory and the digestive systems
True
Bovine corona virus causes diarrhoea in adult animals mainly in summer
False
Bovine corona virus can cause respiratory problems
True
Cattle can be infected with coronavirus per os
True
Cattle can be infected with coronavirus by inhalation
True
Bovine coronavirus can infect humans
False
Bovine coronaviruses causes mainly respiratory and enteric diseases
True
Certain bovine coronaviruses can affect humans causing clinical signs
False
Coronaviruses mainly cause central nervous disease in cattle
False
Calves can be protected against coronavirus diarrhoea by vaccinations of pregnant cows
True
Mortality of calf enteral coronavirus is high
True
Bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhoea only in calves up to one month of age
False
Coronavirus diarrhoea occurs in young calves between a few days and 3-4 weeks of age
True
Coronavirus dysentery in calves can be observed up to 3 weeks of age
True
Coronavirus can cause enteritis in calves typically on the first week of life
True
Calf coronavirus diarrhoea is characterized by several respiratory signs
False
Mortality of calf respiratory coronavirus is high
False
Bovine coronaviruses may cause respiratory signs in calves
True
Winter diarrhoea mainly affects dairy herds
True
Bovine coronavirus can cause diarrhoea in adult animals
True
Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhoea in dairy cows with haemorrhagic access
True
There are no vaccines for the prevention of coronaviral diarrhoea in cattle
False
Winter dysentery causes symptoms in younger age (up to 6 months of age)
False
Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhoea in dairy cows
True
Surviving winter dysentery gives permanent protection only against homologous infection
True
Dogs have only one type of coronavirus
False
The canine coronavirus is a zoonotic agent
False
Canine coronavirus can always cause enteral disease
False
There is a vaccine against canine coronavirus
True
Canine coronavirus (CCOV-1) causes diarrhoea in young, susceptible dogs
True
Canine coronaviruses frequently cause encephalitis and hepatitis in puppies
False
Canine alphacoronavirus type II may cause haemorrhagic disease in 1-2-month-old pups
True
Canine coronavirus are only present in North America
False
Canine coronavirus vaccines effectively protect from any Canine coronavirus infection
False
CCoV-IIa infections are endemic worldwide
False
Canine enteral coronavirus and porcine coronavirus are genetically closely relative
False
Dog enteral coronavirus: some strains can cause haemorrhagic diseases in some visceral organs
True
Canine coronavirus-2 infections are characterized by haemorrhagic diarrhoea in puppies
True
There are no protective vaccines available against Canine enteric coronavirus
False
Canine pantropic coronavirus is an agent of kennel cough
False
Canine pantropic coronavirus causes subnormal temperature
False
Canine pantropic coronaviruses damage only the mucous membranes
False
Canine pantropic coronaviruses causes high fever
True
Pantropic canine coronavirus infections are endemic worldwide
False
Pantropic canine coronavirus causes a mild respiratory disease in suckling dogs
False
The canine respiratory coronavirus belongs to a different group than enteral coronavirus
True
Canine respiratory coronavirus and human coronaviruses are genetically very distant relatives in all cases
False
Canine respiratory coronavirus and bovine coronaviruses are genetically closely relatives
True
Canine respiratory coronavirus infection results cross-protection against CCOV-I
False
In suckling dogs CCoV-II infection causes respiratory disease
False
Canine coronavirus is part of kennel cough
True
The FIP is a pathotype of feline coronavirus
True
Almost all cat vaccines contain antibodies against FIP
Fasle
The wet form of FIP is II. type of hypersensitivity
False
The dry form of FIP is I. type of hypersensitivity
False
The dry form of FIP is IV. type of hypersensitivity
True
FIP is an incurable disease
True
FIP is caused by jackal coronavirus
False
FIP responds well to antibiotic treatment
False
Most animals infected with feline coronavirus develop FIP
False
Cats can be vaccinated against feline coronavirus, but protection against FIP is not effective
True
The dry form of FIP is I. type of hypersensitivity
False
The feline coronavirus causes viraemia only in FIP
False
The feline coronavirus is usually an enteric disease
True
The feline coronavirus is a zoonotic agent
False
Feline enteric coronavirus (FECOV) can only infect Felidae
True
Feline enteric coronaviruses may infect dogs
False
Feline infectious peritonitis viruses form a single serotype
False
Feline enteric coronavirus infection usually causes sudden death of queens
False
In the background of FIP can be immunopathological processes
True
FIP causes infection only in cats younger than 1 year of age
False
Feline corona virus does not have a long infection/carrier time
False
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) develops only in adult cats (over 1 year of age)
False
Decreased serum albumin/globulin ratio may indicate FIP
True
Feline enteric coronavirus usually causes severe, haemorrhagic enteritis in kittens
False
Cell-mediated hypersensitivity plays a major role in the background of non-effusive feline infectious peritonitis
True
All species of Felidae are susceptible to feline coronaviruses
True
Coronaviruses can cause asymptomatic infection in cats
True
Feline coronaviruses can cause mild watery diarrhoea
True
Feline infectious peritonitis is an acute disease, it appears after a 2-3 days long incubation
False
Feline coronavirus is a recombinant canine virus
True
Feline enteric coronavirus causes FIP in 5-10% of cases
True
FIP mainly infects with faeces
True
Feline enteric coronavirus (FECoV) can only infect Felidae
True
Feline infectious peritonitis viruses from a single serotype
True
Effusive FIP is the result of a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction
True
Feline enteric coronavirus infection usually causes sudden death of queens
False
Feline enteric coronavirus infection of cats is very common
True
Vaccine effectively protects from feline infectious peritonitis
False
Feline coronavirus has two serotypes, both having two pathotypes
True
FECoV infection usually causes acute haemorrhagic enteritis
False
The Feline enteric coronavirus usually does not cause severe enteritis
True
FIP forms because of immunotolerance
False
In the presence of high-titer antibody level, infectious peritonitis cannot develop in cats
True
Avian coronaviruses provide long lasting yolk-immunity
False
Inactivated vaccine against IBV can be used any ages
True?
A clinical sign of IBV can be nephritis
True
IBV has nephropathogenic strains
True
Infectious bronchitis virus causes tracheitis and pneumonia in chicken below 6 weeks of age
True
The eggs are not infected infectious bronchitis virus
True
IBV, the most important route is the germinative route
False
IBV, have a wide range of serotypes including many variant strains
True
IBV, cause stunting growth when embryonated egg is infected
False
IBV is an arterivirus
False
Mortality of IBV is high every ages
False
Mortality of IBV depends on the coinfections
True
IBV causes swollen oviducts in chicken
True
Mortality of IBV depends on the age
True
IBV can cause soft-shelled egg
True
IBV cannot cause viraemia
False
The Infectious Bursitis Virus IBDV is inactivated within 1-2 days in the environment
False
Infectious bronchitis viruses belong into 3 distinct serotypes
False
Infectious bronchitis virus damages the ovaries only in hens
False
Infectious bronchitis virus can cause renal problems
True
Infectious bronchitis virus can cause inflammatory lesions in the oviduct of chicken
True
Infections bronchitis virus vaccines are used against turkey enteritis
False
Infectious bronchitis virus can cause severe respiratory signs in young chicken
True
Infectious bronchitis virus can damage the oviduct
True
Infectious bronchitis can spread very slowly in the flock causing chronic disease
False
There are no vaccines for the prevention of infectious bronchitis of chicken
False
Infectious bronchitis virus of chicken is a uniform virus without any types of variants
False
There is no germinative infection in the case of infectious bronchitis of chicken
True
Infectious bronchitis virus replicates in the epithelial cells of the trachea and bronchi
True
Infectious bronchitis virus can result in damaged or abnormal shell formation
True
Infectious bronchitis has a lot of serotypes
True
Infectious bronchitis viruses may have different organ tropism
True
Germinative route is the most important in the transmission of infectious bronchitis
False
Inactivated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis
True
Attenuated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis
True
Infectious bronchitis viruses form 2 distinct serotypes
False
Infectious bronchitis viruses have a wide range of serotypes including many variants
True
The clinical signs of Infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease may be similar
True
Coronavirus can cause diarrhoea in turkeys
True
Turkey corona virus does not cause strong diarrhoea and causes no necrosis
False
Turkey enteritis is characterized by age-dependent mortality rates
True
Vaccination of turkey breeding flocks against Turkey enteritis virus is mandatory
False
Paramyxoviruses are bad immunogens
False
Paramyxoviruses can survive just a few days in the environment
True
Paramyxoviruses cannot cause strong cytopathogenic effect in cell cultures
False
Paramyxoviruses are good immunogens
True
Parainfluenza viruses generally cause infection in the respiratory tract
True
Parainfluenza viruses are highly host specific
False
There are no vaccines on the market against canine parainfluenza 2 virus
False
Canine parainfluenza virus 2 frequently causes encephalitis in old dogs
False
Feline morbillivirus infection may be associated with tubulo-interstitial nephritis in cats
True
Parainfluenza virus 2 infection is frequent in the aetiology of kennel cough
False
Rinderpest virus can infect pigs
True
Rinderpest virus can infect cattle
True
The morbidity of rinderpest can reach 100%
True
Rinderpest virus replicated only in the lungs
False
Rinderpest virus is resistant; it can survive in the environment for several weeks
False
Rinderpest virus causes viraemia
True
Extended interstitial pneumonia is a frequent post mortem lesion of rinderpest
False
Vesicle formation on the mucous membranes is typical in the case of rinderpest
False
Diarrhoea with blood is a typical sign of rinderpest
True
Enteral clinical signs are not typical in Rinderpest
False
Attenuated viruses are widely used for the prevention of Rinderpest in Africa
False
The clinical signs of rinderpest and malignant catarrhal fever are similar
True
Erosions in the oral and nasal cavity are clinical signs of rinderpest
True
Rinderpest occurs in large number in Africa
False
Earth is free from Rinderpest
True
Wild mammals are asymptomatic carriers of Rinderpest
False
It is mandatory to vaccinate cattle against Rinderpest
False
Nowadays Rinderpest virus is used as heterologous vaccine against the PPR virus
False
Rinderpest virus survives for years in nature
False
Only cattle are susceptible to Rinderpest infections
False
Rinderpest is carried by animals for a long time
False
Rinderpest commonly occurs in Africa and in Latin America
False
Rinderpest virus is carried by animals for several years
False
Cattle are infected with rinderpest virus mainly per os
True
Cattle are affected with rinderpest mainly per os
True
Rinderpest virus can survive in the environment for several months
False
Peste des pest ruminants virus is resistant, it can survive in the environment for several months
False
Attenuated vaccines can be used for the prevention of peste des petit ruminants
True
Peste des petits ruminants is a widespread disease in Europe
False
Generally direct contact is needed to the transmission of peste des petits ruminants virus
True
Peste des petits ruminants virus replicates in the epithelium of the mucous membranes
True
Peste des petit ruminants is a frequently diagnosed disease in America
False
Necrosis of the oral epithelium is a typical sign of peste des petits ruminants
True
Peste de petits ruminants is a zoonotic disease
False
Nasal discharge is a typical clinical sign of peste des petit ruminants
True
Erosive lesions in the oral cavity are frequent signs of Peste des petits ruminants
True
The Peste des petits ruminants are endemic in North- and South America
False
Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic pneumonia
True
Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause haemorrhagic or necrotic enteritis
True
Over 50% of the animals may die during a Peste des petits ruminants outbreak
True
The world is free of Peste des petites ruminants
False
Canine distemper virus can produce a generalised infection
True
The pathogenesis of distemper is influenced by the immune response of the host
True
Distemper can be prevented only with the attenuated but not inactivated vaccines
False
Distemper is zoonosis
False
Distemper virus is shed in respiratory discharge and urine
True
Canine distemper has six serotypes
False
Neurological signs are not typical signs of canine distemper
False
Clinical signs of the nervous system generally do not appear always in the case of canine distemper
False
Canine distemper virus has one serotype with virulence variants
True
Salivation and chewing movements cannot be clinical signs of canine distemper
False
Distemper is a highly contagious disease of dogs and some other carnivores
True
Distemper can be prevented only with attenuated but not inactivated vaccines
False
Canine distemper virus causes immunosuppression
True
The dog is the only species which is susceptible to canine distemper virus
False
Three to six month old dogs are most susceptible to canine distemper virus
True
Enamel hypoplasia can be a sign of distemper
True
Hyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads are clinical signs of canine distemper
True
Ataxia and paralysis are the main clinical signs of distemper in cats
False
Distemper virus infects only dogs
False
Distemper can cause abortion
True
Dogs infected with Canine distemper virus usually become life-long carriers and shedders
False
Clinical manifestation of the Canine distemper is mainly seen in 3-4 months-old dogs
True
The outcome of Canine distemper virus infection is very much influenced by the immune response of the dog in utero
True
Distemper virus infects only species belonging to Canidae
False
Distemper virus can cause fetopathy
True
Distemper virus can infect species belonging to the Felidae
True
Distemper virus spreads mainly by arthropod vectors
False
Distemper is a notifiable disease
False
The dominant clinical sign of Canine distemper is diarrhoea
False
Canine distemper virus only infects Canidae
False
Distemper occurs in lions and dolphins
True
Distemper can cause encephalitis in dogs
True
Surviving distemper does not result in protection
False
Distemper can predispose dogs to secondary bacterial infections
True
Vaccinations against distemper at half years of age
False
Distemper causes de-myelinization
True
Distemper through conjunctival smear can be diagnosed by immunofluorescence technique
True
Canine distemper virus often causes cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the urinary bladder epithelial cells
True
Hendra and Nipah viruses cause zoonotic disease
True
Hendra virus can infect mainly swine and human
False
Hendra virus can cause respiratory and neurological signs
Ture
Horse is susceptible to Hendra virus infection
True
Hendra virus can cause enteritis in the small intestine
False
Natural reservoir of Hendra virus is flying fox (bat)
True
Hendra-viruses can cause encephalitis in horses and in humans
True
Hendra virus is found only in Australia
True
Diseases caused by Nipah virus occur worldwide
False
Nipah virus can cause ataxia, spasms, and paralysis in pigs
True
Natural reservoir of Nipah virus is fruit bats
True
Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Nipah-viruses
False
Nipah virus is transmitted mainly by arthropod vectors
False
Bovine RS virus can cause severe pneumonia in 6 months to 2 years old calves
True
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus replicates in the alveolar epithelium
True
Worldwide occurrence is characteristic for Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection
True
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes viraemia
False
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can predispose to secondary bacterial infections
True
Subcutaneous emphysema is a common clinical sign of the disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus
True
Disease caused by bovine respiratory syncytial virus cannot be prevented with vaccination
False
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus is spreading fast within a herd
True
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus can cause life threatening disease in calves
True
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus causes low morbidity and high mortality
False
Bovine respiratory syntitial virus is caused by pneumovirus and we use inactivated vaccines for prevention
True
Bovine parainfluenza virus causes central nervous clinical signs in calves
False
Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can result formation of hyalin membrane in the alveoli
True
Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza-3 virus is very rare
False
Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus can cause interstitial pneumonia in calves
True
Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus infection is usually endemic in cattle farms
True
Bovine parainffuenza-3 virus generally causes aerosol infection
True
Fever, coughing, nasal discharge are common clinical signs of bovine PI-3 infection
True
Disease caused by bovine parainfluenza 3 virus can be diagnosed using paired sera
True
Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 is frequently endemic in cattle farms
True
Parainfluenza 3 virus of cattle spreads mainly by arthropod vectors
False
Symptoms of parainfluenza 3 virus infection of cattle are similar to RS virus infection
True
Parainfluenza-3 virus of cattle can cause thromboembolic meningoencephalitis
False
Parainfluenza-3 virus infection of calves is frequently followed by secondary bacterial infection
True
Parainfluenza-3 viruses causes disease primarily in young calves
True
A common route of infection with parainfluenza-3 is through inhalation
True
Parainfluenza-3 virus can predispose cattle to pneumonia caused by bacteria
True
The main clinical sign of a parainfluenza-3 infection is diarrhoea
False
Parainfluenza-3 virus aids in secondary bacterial contaminations
True
Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute form of the disease
True
Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) cause an acute septicemia
False
Live mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccinations in Europe
True
Day-old chicken can be vaccinated with apathogenic strains to prevent ND
Trur
Hen flocks are vaccinated with lentogenic/apathogenic strains to induce maternal immunity
True
Mesogenic strains of NDV are used for vaccination in some countries
True
Apathogenic trains of NDV are used for vaccination
False
Velogenic-viscerotropic NDV strains can cause disease with high mortality
True
ND is caused by virulent strains of the APMV-1 serogroup
True
Members of every APMV serogroup can cause Newcastle disease
False
It is possible to determine the virulence of AMPV-1 strains by sequencing
True
A usual 1st symptom of neurotropic-vNDV infection is diarrhea
False
An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in ducks
False
An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease can frequently be seen in dogs
False
Newcastle disease is caused by virulent strains of serogroup APMV-1
True
An intracerebral pathogenicity index higher than 0.7 is a criterion of ND
True
The sequence of Newcastle disease virus F0 splice is a significant factor in its virulence
True
Newcastle Disease ND viruses cause dwarfism in embryonated chicken eggs
False
There are no vaccines for the prevention of Newcastle disease
False
Only faeces of the infected birds contains Newcastle disease virus F
False
Diarrhoea is a clinical sign of Newcastle disease
True
Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the chicken embryo survival index
True
Newcastle disease is caused by avian paramyxovirus 1
True
Newcastle disease virus can infect only chicken
False
Worldwide distribution is common for Newcastle disease virus
True
Inhalation is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus T
True
Per os infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus
True
Eurasia is free from Newcastle disease
False
Humans are resistant against Newcastle disease virus
False
Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus cause severe fatal infection
False
Lentogenic NDV may cause disease in young turkey
True
Germinative infection is an important way of transmission of Newcastle disease virus
False
Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus cause severe fatal infection
False
Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality in poultry flocks
False
Lentogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than velogenic
False
Newcastle disease virus causes viraemia
True
Newcastle disease virus damages blood vessels
True
The clinical signs of Newcastle disease and avian influenza are similar
True
Virulence of Newcastle disease virus can be characterised with the intracerebral pathogenicity index
True
There are different virulence variants of Newcastle disease virus
True
Only inactivated vaccines may be used for the prevention of Newcastle disease
False
Velogenic Newcastle disease virus is more virulent than mesogenic
True
Tremor, spasms and torcicollis are clinical signs of Newcastle disease
True
Newcastle disease, splice site significant
True(?)
Index higher than 0,7 is a criterion of Newcastle disease
True
Vaccination against Newcastle disease is used all over world
True
The vaccine for NDV is a lentogenic strain
True
Lentogenic stain is used in vaccines for new castles disease
True
Newcastle disease virus velogen viscerotop and neurotrop causes neurological signs
True
Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Newcastle disease virus
True
The virulence of Newcastle disease strains can be determined by sequence analysis of certain genes
(?)
Newcastle disease virus cannot survive long in the environment
False
Newcastle disease virus is typically vectored by ticks
False
Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus always cause encephalitis
True
Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production
True
Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality
False
Velogenic viscerotrop strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production
False
Avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) belong into 9 serogroups
True
Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus do not cause clinical signs.
False
Wild boars may transmit Newcastle disease virus
False
Any member of the avian paramyxovirus serogroups may cause Newcastle disease
False
Avian paramyxovirus-1 usually causes central nervous disease in pigeons
True
Newcastle disease virus can be taken up by inhalation and per os
True
CNS clinical signs are frequently seen in chicken in the case of Newcastle disease
True
Newcastle disease could easily be differentiated from avian influenza
False
Using vaccines of velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus good protection can be reached
False
Drop of egg production is a clinical sign of avian metapneumovirus infection
True
Avian metapneumovirus infection occurs only in America
False
Avian metapneumovirus infection spreads very fast within the flock
True
Disease caused by avian metapneumovirus is more severe in turkeys than hens
True
In avian metapneumovirus infection the egg production drops/decreases
True
Swollen head syndrome (SHS) caused by avian metapneumonia virus
True
Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of avian metapneumoviruses
True
Avian metapneumoviruses can cause respiratory signs and egg production problems
True
Turkey rhinotracheitis virus causes disease in turkeys and chicken
True
Turkey rhinotracheitis is most frequent at 4-9 weeks of age
True
