Art of Nursing: Caring, Compassion, & Empathy (Wk. 4)

Question 1

What is defined as acknowledging someone’s distress?

Answer 1

sympathy

Question 2

What is defined as actually understanding how someone else is feeling?

Answer 2

empathy

Question 3

What are Morse’s four components of empathy?

(his definition of empathy)

Answer 3

1. cognitive (sense what another is thinking)
2. emotional (share another’s psychological state)
3. behavior (communicating/responding to one’s perspective)
4. moral (unconditional acceptance/care for simply being human)

Question 4

According to Jean Watson’s theory of Human/Transpersonal Caring, what are the seven assumptions that are important for care?

Answer 4

• only be demonstrated & practiced interpersonally
• factors satisfy certain human needs
• effective care promotes health & growth
• caring response accepts individuals as they are/what they may become
• environment fosters person’s development
• complements the science of curing
• a core element of nursing practice

Question 5

According to Jean Watson’s theory of Human/Transpersonal Caring, what are the ten caritas (cherish) processes?

Answer 5

1. embrace
2. inspire
3. trust
4. nurture
5. forgive
6. deepen
7. balance
8. co-create
9. minister
10. open

Question 6

According to Swanson’s Theory of Caring, what are the five caring processes?

Answer 6

• maintaining belief (esteem)
• knowing (empathic understanding)
• being with (emotionally present)
• doing for (enact for/providing physical care)
• enabling (empowering)

Question 7

There are five caring processes apart of Swanson’s Theory of Caring.

What process requires sustaining faith in the other’s capacity to get through an event/transition and face a future with meaning?

Answer 7

maintaining belief (esteem)

Question 8

There are five caring processes apart of Swanson’s Theory of Caring.

What process requires striving to understand the patient’s experiences and needs?

Answer 8

knowing (empathic understanding)

Question 9

There are five caring processes apart of Swanson’s Theory of Caring.

What process requires offering emotional support, comfort, and companionship by staying present with the patient?

Answer 9

being with (emotionally present)

Question 10

There are five caring processes apart of Swanson’s Theory of Caring.

What process requires providing physical care (activities of daily living, dressing, bathing, grooming)?

Answer 10

doing for (enact for/providing physical care)

Question 11

There are five caring processes apart of Swanson’s Theory of Caring.

What process requires facilitating the other’s passage through life transitions and face a future with meaning?

Answer 11

enabling (empowering)

Question 12

According to Katharine Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort, comfort can be provided in three different forms, what are those three different forms?

Answer 12

1. relief
2. ease
3. transcendence

Question 13

According to Katharine Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort, the experience of comfort occurs within what four contexts?

Answer 13

1. physical
2. psychospiritual
3. environmental
4. sociocultural

Question 14

Apart of Katharine Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort, which provided comfort form requires the state of a patient who has had a specific need met?

Answer 14

relief

Question 15

Apart of Katharine Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort, which provided comfort form requires a state of calm and contentment?

Answer 15

ease

Question 16

Apart of Katharine Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort, which provided comfort form requires a state of comfort in which patients are able to rise above their challenges and pain?

Answer 16

transcendence

Question 17

What kind of medical treatment involves the patient actively participating in the choices of treatment?

Answer 17

person centered care