Art and Science Review

Question 1

When did the Bargello construction begin?

Answer 1

In 1255 making it the oldest public building in Florence.

Question 2

What is the architecture style of the Bargello?

Answer 2

Medieval Fortress style

Question 3

What happened in 1786

Answer 3

The death penalty was deemed as illegal

Question 4

What dates did the bargello become a museum and first open

Answer 4

1859 is when reconstruction started and in 1865 it was recognized as a museum famous for holding many of Donetellos works

Question 5

How does donetellos Bronze David compare to the marble one?

Answer 5

Bronze- relaxed, controposto, nude, young, Florence appreciation for humanist values
Marble- David is around 20, serious and determined, Florences strength

Question 6

What marked the beginning of the renaissance

Answer 6

The competition of the gates of paradise.

Question 7

Michelangelos Bacchus

Answer 7

• Famous early work of Michelangelo
• God of wine
• Very drunken expression
• Although rejected the work signifies Michelangelos ability to go outside common norms

Question 8

Renaissance

Answer 8

• rebirth
• man as the center of the world
• Revival of classical art (greek and roman)
• Achieve harmony through proportion

Question 9

Who was Polycleitus?

Answer 9

Artist of the CANON and goal was to capture the ideal human figure through mathematical proportions

Question 10

Ideal symmetry, perfect mean between tension and relaxation

Answer 10

controposto

Question 11

When did controposto or counterpoise first appear ?

Answer 11

Early 5th century BCE

Question 12

What is humanism?

Answer 12

A metal and philisophical way of thinking; The dignity of being a human being

Question 13

Definition of Integration of antiquity

Answer 13

Ancient history of art.

Question 14

What are some Humanism Characteristics

Answer 14

• Citizen extensive participation to art commission
• Real and accurate depiction of anatomy of the subject
• subjects are from classical history or mythology
• revival of portraits

Question 15

Donetello and Bruelleschi traveled where

Answer 15

All throughout the shambles of ROME

Question 16

The beginning of the renaissance started how and when?

Answer 16

Around the 1400s almost 50 years after the Black Death, the city and country needed a sense of rebirth. The Artist that started the pre renaissance was giotto.

Question 17

Why was Florence the center or main city?

Answer 17

Capital of humanism, peace, culture and economy.

Question 18

Who were the three innovators of the renaissance?

Answer 18

Brunelleschi in architecture
Donatello in sculpting
Masaccio in painting

Question 18

What was the Medici Family?

Answer 18

-The family of Florence, encouraged the study of plato Neo platonism, which is to reconcile christianity with philosophy
- understood the power of art
- most important members were Cosimo the elder and Lorenzo the magnificent

Question 19

Beginning of the Renaissance important date?

Answer 19

1401 marks the competition between Ghiberti and Brunelleschi for the bronze doors of the baptistry

Question 20

Brunelleschi key points

Answer 20

• rediscovered classical art
• new conception of space and measure
• Architecture was innovative and educated
• Inventor of perspective

Question 21

What idea did Brunelleschi reflect

Answer 21

God had created the cosmos as a mathematical harmony with mathematical ratios

Question 22

Aspects of Perspective (Leo da Vinci)

Answer 22

1.) the further away an object is the smaller it gets
2.) You can’t see the definite outline and specific details from far away ( atmospheric)

Question 23

Eye level

Answer 23

Horizontal Line; frequently hidden by trees or buildings in paintings

Question 24

Vanishing point

Answer 24

A dot in the middle of the horizontal line , where parallel lines seem to disappear

Question 25

Orthogonal lines

Answer 25

The line you draw from the corner of an object to the vanishing point, establishes distance

Question 26

Transversal lines

Answer 26

Right angels to the orthogonals

Question 27

Diminution

Answer 27

Objects appear smaller as the distance of the observer increases

Question 28

One point perspective

Answer 28

Use a single vanishing point to draw a perspective; only the receding O- lines change the angles

Question 29

What was the inspiration for the Dome of Florence?

Answer 29

the Pantheon in Rome

Question 30

What was the style of the Dormo

Answer 30

Bell tower and body- Italian Gothic style
Dome- Early Renaissance
Facade- New gothic style

Question 31

What was the exact time period for the Renaissance

Answer 31

1401-1492

Question 32

What was the goal of classical art culture

Answer 32

To capture the ideal human figure through CANON proportions; the perfect body form represents beauty and good.

Question 33

How did Giotto have anything to do with the Renaissance

Answer 33

He was the precursor of the Renaissance

Question 34

Who brought back the ancient method of nudity in their sculptures and revived it as beauty

Answer 34

Donatello’s bronze David

Question 34

what was the importance of adding the astrological aspect in the small dome ?

Answer 34

It reflects the importance and belief that the cosmos have a connection to human endeavors

Question 35

who was the main creator of the saint Lorenzo basilica

Answer 35

Brunelleschi