art 1-50

Question 1

2 regions where the Catholic Church sought to maintain its dominance during the baroque era

Answer 1

Spain and Italy

Question 2

intalgio printmaking

Answer 2

process where lines are inscribed into the matrix

Question 3

Jesuits

Answer 3

Organization founded to convert non-Europeans to Catholicism

Question 4

what is a flying buttress?

Answer 4

flying buttresses are external arches used in medieval cathedrals that allow for higher celings and window openings by counterbalancing the outward thrust of high, vaulted cielings.

Question 5

name the three main orders of ancient greek architecture.

Answer 5

doric, ionic, and corinthian

Question 6

which of the greek orders is the simplest?

Answer 6

doric

Question 7

which of the three ancient greek orders is the most elaborate?

Answer 7

corinthian

Question 8

what two materials are most commonly used for the construction of residential homes?

Answer 8

wood and brick

Question 9

what two materials are most commonly used for hte construction of large commercial buildings?

Answer 9

steel and concrete

Question 10

what are the three parts of the entablature in a greek temple?

Answer 10

the architrave, frieze, and cornice

Question 11

what material was used to construct the eiffel tower?

Answer 11

wrought iron

Question 12

the colosseum in rome is and example of what architectural feature?

Answer 12

the vault

Question 13

the arch, the vault, and dome are similar in that all three features seek to stretch the boundaries of architecture by ____?

Answer 13

allowing for greater height and more space inside a building

Question 14

what is a colonnade?

Answer 14

an arrangement of evenly-spaced columns that supports the entablature, arch, or roof.

Question 15

name the two main orders of roman architecture

Answer 15

tuscan (a variant of the doric order) and composite (a combination of the ionic and corinthan oders)

Question 16

this spanish architect is famous for his unique, organic shaped buildings made of stone

Answer 16

Antonio Gaudi

Question 17

modern architects have tried to design buildings that are composed of (geometric/organic) shapes.

Answer 17

organic

Question 18

who designed the first skyscraper?

Answer 18

louis sullivan, who designed the wainwright building in st. louis

Question 19

This building was constructed in London in 1851 and consisted mainly of glass walls held together by slim iron rods.

Answer 19

the crystal palace, which was built for the world’s fair in London.

Question 20

what is environmental art?

Answer 20

art that makes use of the environment in which it is installed

Question 21

when did environmental art first emerge?

Answer 21

the 1960s

Question 22

true/false: environmental art is usually small in scale

Answer 22

false. it is usually large in scale

Question 23

name a few characteristics of environmental art according to USAD

Answer 23

Large in scale, constructed on site, and only temporary.

Question 24

true/false: environmental art often requires participation from the viewer

Answer 24

TRUE

Question 25

engraving

Answer 25

intalgio process using carving tools to directly inscribe lines into a matrix

Question 26

etching

Answer 26

intalgio process using acid to etch grooves into exposed matrix

Question 27

lithography

Answer 27

process where ink is applied to a wax image drawn on the matrix

Question 28

screen prints

Answer 28

process where an image is transferred to a fabric frame and acts as a stencil

Question 29

THREE materials comprising paint

Answer 29

pigments, binders, and solvents

Question 30

fresco

Answer 30

technique where water-based paints are applied to wet plaster

Question 31

tempera

Answer 31

water-based paint with egg binder that draws quickly and has a narrow tonal range

Question 32

region of the US struck with drought during the Great Depression

Answer 32

the Midwest

Question 33

encaustic

Answer 33

wax-based paint fused to surfaces with hot irons

Question 34

gouache

Answer 34

water-based paint similar to tempera

Question 35

watercolor

Answer 35

water-based paint tinted by adding water instead of white paint

Question 36

acrylic paint

Answer 36

synthetic paint developed after World War II

Question 37

FOUR basic methods of sculptures

Answer 37

carving modeling, casting, and construction

Question 38

carving

Answer 38

removing original material to create a sculpture

Question 39

modeling

Answer 39

adding materials to a surface to create a sculpture

Question 40

casting

Answer 40

creating a plaster mold used to replicate the original sculpture

Question 41

Alexander Calder

Answer 41

sculptor who created mobiles whose parts are moved by wind

Question 42

environmental art/Earthworks

Answer 42

large sculpture that redefines the space where it is created

Question 43

mixed media

Answer 43

artworks that use several art media

Question 44

FIVE craft products that have come to be recognized as art forms

Answer 44

pottery, jewelry, fibers, glass, and wooden objects

Question 45

pottery

Answer 45

craft medium, using natural materials such as clay

Question 46

slip

Answer 46

liquid clay used to join edges of clay pieces

Question 47

kiln

Answer 47

oven used to remove all moisture from a clay piece

Question 48

TWO fiber art forms

Answer 48

weaving and quilting

Question 49

architecture

Answer 49

the design and construction of buildings

Question 50

post-and-lintel construction

Answer 50

technique where a beam is placed horizontally across another two beams